Aquatic Functional Biodiversity

An Ecological and Evolutionary Perspective

1st Edition - July 25, 2015
Editors: Andrea Belgrano, Guy Woodward, Ute Jacob
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 1 7 0 1 5 - 5
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 1 7 0 2 0 - 9

Aquatic Functional Biodiversity: An Ecological and Evolutionary Perspective provides a general conceptual framework by some of the most prominent investigators in the field for… Read more

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Aquatic Functional Biodiversity: An Ecological and Evolutionary Perspective provides a general conceptual framework by some of the most prominent investigators in the field for how to link eco-evolutionary approaches with functional diversity to understand and conserve the provisioning of ecosystem services in aquatic systems. Rather than producing another methodological book, the editors and authors primarily concentrate on defining common grounds, connecting conceptual frameworks and providing examples by a more detailed discussion of a few empirical studies and projects, which illustrate key ideas and an outline of potential future directions and challenges that are expected in this interdisciplinary research field.

Recent years have seen an explosion of interest in using network approaches to disentangle the relationship between biodiversity, community structure and functioning. Novel methods for model construction are being developed constantly, and modern methods allow for the inclusion of almost any type of explanatory variable that can be correlated either with biodiversity or ecosystem functioning. As a result these models have been widely used in ecology, conservation and eco-evolutionary biology. Nevertheless, there remains a considerable gap on how well these approaches are feasible to understand the mechanisms on how biodiversity constrains the provisioning of ecosystem services.

Perspective: Functional Biodiversity during the Anthropocene
Section I. Theoretical Background
- Chapter 1. From Metabolic Constraints on Individuals to the Dynamics of Ecosystems
  - Introduction
  - Individual Metabolic Rate, Biomechanics, and Fitness
  - From Individual Metabolism and Biomechanics to Interactions
  - From Interactions to Consumer–Resource Dynamics
  - From Consumer–Resource Pairs to Community and Ecosystem Dynamics
  - Conclusions
  - Abbreviations and Mathematical Symbols
- Chapter 2. Ecological Effects of Intraspecific Consumer Biodiversity for Aquatic Communities and Ecosystems
  - Introduction
  - Case Studies
  - Meta-Analysis
  - Conclusions
- Chapter 3. How Does Evolutionary History Alter the Relationship between Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function?
  - Introduction
  - Methods
  - Results
  - Discussion
  - Abbreviation
- Chapter 4. Effects of Metacommunity Networks on Local Community Structures: From Theoretical Predictions to Empirical Evaluations
  - Introduction
  - Four Paradigms
Section II. Across Aquatic Ecosystems
- Chapter 5. Limited Functional Redundancy and Lack of Resilience in Coral Reefs to Human Stressors
  - Introduction
  - Data Quality
  - Pattern of Change
  - Drivers of Change
  - Are Coral Reefs Functionally Redundant?
  - Solutions to Ensure Resilience
  - Concluding Remarks
- Chapter 6. Biodiversity, Ecosystem Functioning, and Services in Fresh Waters: Ecological and Evolutionary Implications of Climate Change
  - Introduction
- Chapter 7. Global Aquatic Ecosystem Services Provided and Impacted by Fisheries: A Macroecological Perspective
  - Introduction
  - Macroecological Variables and Their Interactions within Aquatic Ecosystems
  - A Central Challenge: Identifying Processes Underlying Macroecological Patterns
  - A Traits-Based Focus on Aquatic Functional Diversity
  - Ecological and Evolutionary Effects of Selective Fisheries on Aquatic Ecosystem Functioning
- Chapter 8. Valuing Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in a Complex Marine Ecosystem
  - Introduction
  - Materials and Methods
  - Results
  - Discussion
  - Conclusions
Section III. In the Wild: Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Conservation
- Chapter 9. The Role of Marine Protected Areas in Providing Ecosystem Services
  - Introduction
  - Introduction to Marine Protected Areas
  - Introduction to Ecosystem Services and the Link to Human Well-Being
  - Marine Protected Area Effects on Individual Ecosystem Services
  - Marine Protected Area Effects on Long-Term Ecosystem Function and the Provision of Multiple Services
  - Key Directions and Open Questions
- Chapter 10. Freshwater Conservation and Biomonitoring of Structure and Function: Genes to Ecosystems
  - Introduction
  - Concluding Remarks
Epilogue: The Robustness of Aquatic Biodiversity Functioning under Environmental Change: The Ythan Estuary, Scotland
Index

Andrea Belgrano

Andre Belgrano is currently at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Resources, Institute of Marine Research, Lysekil, and at the Swedish Institute for the Marine Environment (SIME), Gothenburg, in Sweden. He has held faculty positions in the United States at the University of Maryland, University of New Mexico, University of Washington, and was a visiting scientist at the National Center for Genome Resources (NCGR), Santa Fe, New Mexico.

Dr Belgrano is broadly interested in ecological and evolutionary studies that use ecosystem status and trend data, for characterising relationships between diversity patterns and ecosystem functioning, which includes the effect of commercial fisheries, climate change and environmental variability.

His research approach is to use the broad concepts of macroecology, food webs theory and evolution to understand the underlying common rules governing ecosystem dynamics and functioning. Most of Dr Belgrano’s current work focuses on functional biodiversity, ecosystem-based management for marine fisheries, ocean health, governance, sustainability and resilience in aquatic systems.

Affiliations and expertise

Department of Aquatic Resources, Institute of Marine Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lysekil, Sweden; and Swedish Institute for the Marine Environment (SIME), Gothenburg, Sweden

Guy Woodward

Guy Woodward is Professor of Ecology in the Department of Life Sciences at Imperial College London and Series Editor for Advances in Ecological Research. He has authored over 100 peer-reviewed publications, including recent papers in Nature, Science and Nature Climate Change, with a strong emphasis on understanding and predicting how aquatic ecosystems and food webs respond to a wide range of biotic and abiotic stressors, including climate change, chemical pollution, habitat degradation and invasive species. Much of this work covers multiple scales in space and time and also a range of organisational levels - from genes to ecosystems. His research group and ongoing collaborations span the natural and social sciences, reflecting the need for multidisciplinary approaches for addressing the environmental challenges of the 21st Century.

Affiliations and expertise

Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, UK

Ute Jacob

Ute Jacob is a Research Scientist at the Institute of Hydrobiology and Fisheries Science, University of Hamburg, Germany. She has contributed to previously published books as well as high-impact peer-reviewed journal articles. Dr. Jacob has been co-editor of two volumes of Advances in Ecological Research as well as a special issue of the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, and is very active in this area of research.

Affiliations and expertise

Institute for Hydrobiology and Fisheries Science, University of Hamburg, Germany