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Heart and Toxins
1st Edition - August 12, 2014
Author: Dr. Meenakshisundaram Sundaram Ramachandran
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:9780124165953
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 1 6 5 9 5 - 3
eBook ISBN:9780124165991
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 1 6 5 9 9 - 1
The Heart and Toxins brings together global experts to provide the latest information and clinical trials that make the connection between genetic susceptibility, gene expressi…Read more
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The Heart and Toxins brings together global experts to provide the latest information and clinical trials that make the connection between genetic susceptibility, gene expression, and environmental factors in cardiovascular diseases. This unique reference, edited by renowned cardiologist Meenakshi Sundaram Ramachandran, solves the problem of managing multiple clinical cases of cardiovascular toxicity. It allows connections to be made between research, diagnosis, and treatment to avoid higher morbidity and mortality rates as a result of cardiovascular toxicity.
Structured to bring together exploration into the epidemiology, molecular mechanism, pathogenesis, environmental factors and management in cardiovascular toxins”
Included various topics on cardiovascular toxins such as plant, chemical, animal, nanomaterial and marine biology induced cardiac damage – which are new ideas discussed in detail
Comprehensive chapters on the cardiovascular toxicity from drugs, radiotherapy and radiological imaging
Enables you to manage multiple clinical cases of cardiovascular toxicity
Outlined conclusions at the end of each chapter providing “key learning points” to help you organize the chapter’s details without losing insight
This reference is intended for Cardiology Researchers, Cardiologists, Internists, Toxicologists, Emergency Medicine Physicians, and Oncologists.
Foreword
Acknowledgments
List of Contributors
Chapter 1. Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Toxins
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Plant Toxins
1.3 Marine Toxins
1.4 Venomous Reptiles
1.5 Trichinellosis
1.6 Arachnidism
1.7 Scorpion Envenomation
1.8 Air Pollution
1.9 Pesticides
1.10 Household Toxic Materials
1.11 Petrol, Paraffin, and lamp Oil
1.12 Toxic Military and Industrial Chemicals
1.13 Tobacco and Cardiovascular Diseases
1.14 Cardiovascular Toxicity of Alcohol
1.15 Cardiovascular Effects of Caffeine
1.16 Cardiovascular Effects of Antiretroviral Drugs
1.17 Uremic Toxins
1.18 Epidemiological Aspects of NSAIDs and Chemotherapeutic Agents
1.19 Heavy Metal Poisoning and Cardiovascular Disease
1.20 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2. Cellular and Molecular Perspectives on Cardiac Toxins
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Recreational Drugs
2.3 Tricyclic Antidepressants
2.4 Calcium Channel Antagonists
2.5 β-Adrenoceptor Antagonists
2.6 Sodium Channel Activator Toxins
2.7 Cardioglycosides
2.8 Anthracyclines
2.9 Miscellaneous hERG K-Channel Inhibitors
2.10 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3. Environmental Toxins and the Heart
3.1 Air Pollution
3.2 Anabolic Drugs
3.3 Aconite
3.4 Antidotes
3.5 Antimony
3.6 Arsenic
3.7 Areca Nut
3.8 Bismuth
3.9 Cadmium
3.10 Caffeine
3.11 Calcium
3.12 Carbon Monoxide
3.13 Cardenolides
3.14 Catecholamines and Beta-Receptor Agonists
3.15 Chromium
3.16 Cobalt
3.17 Copper and Zinc
3.18 Energy Drinks
3.19 Fluoride
3.20 Fumigants and Pesticides
3.21 Gold
3.22 Household Chemicals
3.23 Inhalants
3.24 Iron
3.25 Lead
3.26 Mad Honey
3.27 Magnesium
3.28 Manganese
3.29 Mercury
3.30 Methyl Bromide
3.31 Molybdenum
3.32 Nickel
3.33 Phosphorous
3.34 Potassium
3.35 Selenium and Sodium
3.36 Sulfur Dioxide
3.37 Thallium
3.38 Vitamins
References
Chapter 4. Problems and Paradoxes of Animal Toxins and the Heart
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Snakes
4.3 Scorpions
4.4 Hymenoptera Sting Envenomations
4.5 Centipede Bites
4.6 Black Widow Spiders
4.7 Toad Poisoning
4.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5. Plant Toxins and the Heart
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Cardioactive Steroids
5.3 Cleistanthus Collinus
5.4 Aconite
5.5 Khat
5.6 Yew
5.7 Veratrum Alkaloids
5.8 Brooms
5.9 Mistletoe
5.10 Miscellaneous
5.11 Community Education
5.12 Challenges and Regulations
5.13 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6. Native Medicines and Cardiovascular Toxicity
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Materials Used
6.3 Biological Materials and Herbomineral-Based Preparations
6.4 Drug Interactions as a Result of Herbs
6.5 Safety, Costs, and Regulations
6.6 Future Directions
6.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 7. Cardiovascular Toxicity from Marine Envenomation
7.1 Marine Cardiotoxins
7.2 Poisons
7.3 Venoms
7.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 8. Cardiovascular Toxicity of Cardiovascular Drugs
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Normal Cardiac Contraction
8.3 Cardiac Arrhythmias and Cells
8.4 Classification of Antiarrhythmic Drugs
8.5 Drug-Induced Long QT Syndrome
8.6 New Antiarrhythmic Drugs
8.7 Cardiovascular Toxicity of Beta Blockers
8.8 Calcium Channel Blockers
8.9 Cardiac Glycosides
8.10 Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
8.11 Statins
8.12 Oral Anticoagulant Therapy
8.13 Organic Nitrates
8.14 Ranolazine
8.15 Ivabradine
8.16 Dobutamine
8.17 Dopamine
8.18 Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
8.19 Ethnic Differences in Adverse Events to Cardiovascular Drugs
8.20 Predicting Cardiotoxicity During Drug Development
8.21 Interactions Between Herbs, Fruit Juices, the Enzyme P450, and Cardiovascular Drugs
8.22 Conclusion
References
Chapter 9. Cardiovascular Toxicity as a Result of Psychotropic Drugs
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Psychotropic Drugs’ Mechanism of Action
9.3 Psychotropic Drug-Induced Hypotension
9.4 Chronotropic Effects
9.5 Abnormalities of Cardiac Repolarization and Arrhythmias
9.6 Myocarditis and Cardiomyopathy
9.7 Psychotropic Drugs and Sudden Cardiac Death
9.8 Metabolic Abnormalities
9.9 Standard Guidance
9.10 Clinical Implications
9.11 Conclusion
References
Chapter 10. Cardiovascular Toxicity of Noncardiovascular Drugs
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Myocardial Ischemia and Acute Coronary Syndrome
Chapter 11. Cardiovascular Toxicity from Chemotherapy and Anticancer Treatment
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Cardiovascular Toxicity Induced by Anticancer Agents
11.3 Cardiac Toxicity Induced by Radiotherapy
11.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12. Association of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection with Exposure to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and Its Adverse Cardiovascular Effects
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Cardiac Considerations of Hiv Exposure and Antiretroviral Therapy
12.3 Conclusion
References
Chapter 13. Toxic Effects of Alcohol on the Heart
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Global Health Burden, Patterns of use, and Economic Consequences
13.3 Chemistry and Pharmacology
13.4 Evidence of Cardiovascular Benefit
13.5 Evidence of Lack of Benefit or Harm
13.6 Specific Toxic Effects of Alcohol on the Cardiovascular System
13.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 14. The Effects of Active and Passive Smoking and Cardiovascular Disease
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Smoking and Endothelial Dysfunction
14.3 Smoking and Oxidative Stress
14.4 Atherosclerosis and Smoking
14.5 Smoking and Thrombosis
14.6 Dyslipidemia and Smoking
14.7 Smoking and the Blood Vessels
14.8 The Influence of Smoking on Hypertension
14.9 Smoking and Myocardial Workload
14.10 Smoking as it relates to Oxygen-Carrying Capacity
14.11 Arrhythmias Caused by Smoking
14.12 Coronary Artery Disease and Spasm as a result of smoking
14.13 Smoking and Heart Failure/Cardiomyopathy
14.14 Peripheral Vascular Disease, Sudden Cardiac Death, and Smoking
14.15 Smoking Cessation and Cardiovascular Risk
14.16 Passive Smoking and Smokeless Tobacco
14.17 Biomarkers in Smoking and Cardiovascular Disease
14.18 Conclusion
References
Chapter 15. Cardiovascular Toxicity as a Result of Recreational Drugs
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Cocaine
15.3 Amphetamine-Related Drugs
15.4 Heroin
15.5 Cannabis
15.6 Lysergic Acid Diethylamide and Psilocybin Mushrooms
15.7 Inhaled Volatile Substance Abuse
15.8 Ketamine and Phencyclidine
15.9 Novel and Uncommon Drugs
15.10 Body Packers
15.11 Conclusion
References
Chapter 16. Pediatric Cardiovascular Toxicity: Special Considerations
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Pediatric Poisonings
16.3 Drug Disposition in Infants and Children
16.4 Embryonic and Fetal Cardiac Development
16.5 The Pediatric Heart and Toxins
16.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 17. Cardiovascular Toxicity as a Result of Radiological Imaging
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Ionizing Radiation
17.3 Radiation from Medical Procedures in Pathogenesis of Ischemic Heart Disease
17.4 Occupational Exposure of Relevance to Cardiology Practice
17.5 Cardiovascular Effects of Contrast Media Used with Ionizing Radiation
17.6 Nonionizing Radiation
References
Chapter 18. Nanomaterials and Cardiovascular Toxicity
18.1 Cardiovascular Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicity
18.2 Exploring Nanoparticle–Cell Interactions
18.3 Different Routes of Nanoparticle Entry and Potential Toxicity
18.4 Effects of Nanomaterials on the Progression of Cardiovascular Toxicity
18.5 Recent Advances in Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology
18.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 19. Forensic Pathology Related to Cardiovascular Toxicity
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Postmortem Toxicology
19.3 Psychostimulants
19.4 The Effect of Narcotics on the Heart
19.5 Therapeutic Drugs
19.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 20. Ethics, Legality, and Education in the Practice of Cardiology
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Health Care Delivery
20.3 Physician Behavior
20.4 Medical Ethics
20.5 Legal Issues
20.6 Education and Training
20.7 Future Directions
20.8 Conclusion
References
Index
No. of pages: 668
Language: English
Edition: 1
Published: August 12, 2014
Imprint: Academic Press
Paperback ISBN: 9780124165953
eBook ISBN: 9780124165991
DS
Dr. Meenakshisundaram Sundaram Ramachandran
Affiliations and expertise
Cardiology/GIM Registrar/Fellow at London North West HEE/Imperial, St George's, University of London, London Area, United Kingdom