The Thermoeconomics of Energy Conversions

Preface


1 Introduction


1.1 The Emerging Concerns


1.2 The Complexity of the Design Space


1.3 The Level of Details of a System Description


1.4 The Interaction of Energy and Materials Requirements


1.5 The History of Thermoeconomics Development


1.6 The Question Posed for Thermoeconomic Analysis


1.7 The Importance of an Integrated Database


1.8 The Main Pillars of Thermoeconomic Analysis


1.9 General References


2 Improved Thermodynamic Analysis


2.1 The Exergy Function


2.2 The Thermodynamic Analysis of a System in the Steady State


2.3 Tutorial


2.4 References


3 Improved Costing Analysis


3.1 The Objective Function as a Cost Function


3.2 Making and Operating Resources of an Energy-Conversion Device


3.3 The Quantification of the Making and Operating Resources for a Device


3.4 Making and Operating Resources of a System of Devices


3.5 The Cost Indices CF, {Czi}, and {Cai}


3.6 Combining Second-Law and Costing Analyses (Thermoeconomic Analysis)


3.7 Tutorial


3.8 Selected References


4 Enhanced System Optimization


4.1 A Two-Level Decomposition Strategy


4.2 Decomposition at the Discipline Level


4.3 Decomposition at the Device Level


4.4 More on the Objective Function and on Decomposition


4.5 Programming Thermoeconomic Analysis


4.6 Tutorial


4.7 Selected References


5 The Manipulation of the Design Models of Devices


5.1 Multidisciplinary Problems in General


5.2 The Communication Between the Disciplines of Thermodynamics and Design


5.3 A Heat Exchange Device


5.4 Tutorial


5.5 Selected References


6 Off-Design Performance Due to Load Variation


6.1 Managing the Inefficiency of Variable-Load Operation


6.2 Predicting the Part-Load Performance of a System of Devices


6.3 Handling the System-Design of Variable-Load Problems


6.4 Optimal Operation of a Facility of Systems of Same Product


6.5 Tutorial


6.6 Selected References


7 Application Examples


7.1 Time-Independent Production


7.2 Time-Dependent Production


7.3 Closing Remarks


7.4 Selected References


8 Software, Analyzed Systems and their Flow Diagrams:


8.1 Contents of the Compact Disc


8.2 Brief Description of the Six Executable Tools


8.3 The Analyzed Systems and Their Flow Diagrams


9 Appendices

Appendix 9.1 Some Useful Forms of the Flow Exergy

Appendix 9.2 Thermodynamic and Design Models

Appendix 9.3 Capital and Performance Equations

Appendix 9.4 Refreshing Basic Engineering Material

Appendix 9.5 Selected General Properties

Appendix 9.6 A Selected Compilation of Heat Transfer Film Coefficients and Friction Factors

Appendix 9.7 Glossary

Appendix 9.8 Nomenclature

Appendix 9.9 Constants and Conversion Factors

Subject Index