Learning and Instruction

Editor-in-Chief: Lucia Mason Dept. of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padova, via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy, Editors: Sanna Järvelä Dept. of Educational Sciences and Teacher Education, University of Oulu, Research Unit For Educational Technology PL 2000, 90014 Oulun Yliopisto, Finland, P. Karen Murphy Dept. of Educational Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA, Alexander Renkl Dept. of Psychology, Educational Psychology, University of Freiburg, Engelbergerstr. 41, 79106 Freiburg, Germany, Jean-Francois Rouet Centre for Research on Cognition and Learning (CeRCA), Poitiers University, 99 Avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86000 Poitiers, France, Jeroen van Merriënboer Dept. of Educational Development & Research, University of Maastricht, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands, Editorial Assistant: N. Ariasi University of Padova, Italy, Former Editors: Erik de Corte Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, Neil Mercer University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, Roger Säljö University of Göteborgs, Molndal, Sweden, Wolfgang Schnotz University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany, Anastasia Efklides Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece, International Editorial Advisory Board: Mary Ainley University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia, Shaaron Ainsworth University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, Vincent Aleven Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Gianmarco Altoè University of Padua, Padua, Italy, Mireille Betrancourt University of Geneva, Carouge, Switzerland, Pietro Boscolo University of Padua, Padua, Italy, Ivar Bråten University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, Anne Britt Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, IL, USA, Rainer Bromme University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Carol Chan University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, Kevin Chung Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong, China, Jennifer Cromley Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA, Beno Csapo University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary, Ton de Jong University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands, Filip Dochy Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, David Galbraith Staffordshire University, Stoke-On-Trent, England, UK, Thomas Götz University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany, Barbara Hofer Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, USA, Jenefer Husman ASU - College of Education, Tempe, AZ, USA, Brent Igo Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA, Slava Kalyuga University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, Stuart Karabenick University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Panayiota Kendeou Neapolis University Pafos, Pafos, Cyprus, John Kirby Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada, Margarita Limon University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Lisa Linnenbrink-Garcia Duke University, Durham, NC, USA, Richard Mayer University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA, Matthew McCrudden Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, Markku Niemivirta University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Terzinha Nunes Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford, UK, Maria Chiara Passolunghi University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy, Thea Peetsma SCO-Kohnstamm Instituut, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Tobias Richter University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany, Katharina Scheiter University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, Bernhard Schmitz University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany, Tina Seufert University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Gale Sinatra University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA, Elizabeth Stern Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland, John R. Surber University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA, Isabelle Tapiero National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Bron, France, Ulrich Trautwein University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, Tamara van Gog Erasmus University of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Peggy Van Meter Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA, Maarten Vansteenkiste University of Gent, Gent, Belgium, Marja Vauras University of Turku, Rauma, Finland, Lieven Verschaffel Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, Eduardo Vidal-Abarca University of València, Valencia, Spain, Simone Volet Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia, Michael Weinstock Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel, Jörg Wittwer University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany