American Journal of Emergency Medicine

Editor: J. Douglas White MD, MPH, MBA Medical College of Virginia/VCU, Richmond, Editorial Board: William J. Brady MD University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Neal E. Flomenbaum MD Cornell Medical Center, New York, Gabor D. Kelen MD Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Toby L. Litovitz MD Georgetown University, Washington, DC, Richard M. Nowak MD, MBA Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Jonathan Olshaker MD Boston University, Boston, Joseph P. Ornato MD Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, Norman A. Paradis MD University of Colorado, Denver, Howard A. Werman MD Ohio State University, Columbus, Loren Yamamoto MD, MPH, MBA University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Senior Editorial Consultants: William Chiang , Frank Counselman , Deborah Diercks , Amy Ernst , Colin Graham , C. James Holliman , Benjamin Leacock , Ronald Sing , Adam Singer , Corey Slovis , Joseph Varon , Keith Wrenn , Editorial Consultants: Cynthia Aaron , Patrick Aaronson , Srikar Adhikari , : Jamal Alhashemi , John Allegra , David Amponsah , Clare Atzema , Tyler Barrett , Brigitte Baumann , Vikhyat Bebarta , Paul Biddinger , Polly Bijur , Michael Blaivas , Rebecca Bloch , Michael Bond , Keith Boniface , Stephen Borron , Vincent Bounes , Kelly Branch , Darren Braude , Douglas Burnette , Michael J. Burns , Maureen Carpenter , Jeffrey Caterino , Howard Champion , Abhinav Chandra , Anthony Charles , Sandrine Charpentier , Esther Chen , Brian Chinnock , Richard Clark , Cameron Crandall , Sandra Cunningham , Lemkin Dan , Patrick Daubert , Daniel Davis , Gianluca Del Rossi , Eitan Dickman , Jeffrey Dreyer , Marc Eckstein , Richard Edlich , James Feldman , William Fernandez , Francis Fesmire , Steven Frei , Thomas Gal , Michael Ganetsky , Melody Gatewood , Nina Gentile , Thomas Gift , Julie Gorchynski , Malcolm Gordon , Chip Gresham , Mark Greve , Abdulkadir Gunduz , Christian Haas , Henry Halperin , Pinchas Halpern , Abigail Hankin , Mark Hauswald , Samir Haydar , Kennon Heard , Gregory Hendey , Johan Herlitz , Andrew Herring , Erik Hess , Mary Jo Hessert , Peter Hill , Michael Hirschl , Soren Hjortshoj , Jeffrey Ho , James Hoekstra , Christopher Hogan , Judd Hollander , John Huff , Thomas Hulsey , Ula Hwang , Jeanne Jacoby , Dietrich Jehle , Alan Jones , Christopher Jones , Jeffrey Jones , Ejaaz Kalimullah , Leonid Kandel , Steven Karch , Rahul Khare , Thana Khawcharoenporn , Kyuseok Kim , Young-Min Kim , Dawn Kleindorfer , Wendy Klein-Schwartz , Michael Kontos , Terry Kowalenko , Erik Kulstad , Michael Kurz , Wei-Che Lee , Christopher Lewandowski , Erica Liebelt , Aisha Liferidge , Cristina Lombardini , Joseph Losek , Frank LoVecchio , Jihad Mallat , Katherine Mandeville , Catherine Marco , Brandon Maughan , Larissa May , Peter McCullough , A. McLean , Tim Meehan , William Meggs , Scott Melanson , Laura Melville , Michael Menchine , Lisa Merck , Mark Merlin , William Meurer , Michael Meyer , Nathan Mick , Truman Milling , James Miner , Michael Mullins , Antonio Muniz , Chad Nesbit , Kristen Nordenholz , Sean Patrick Nordt , Christopher Okunseri , David Overton , Peter Panagos , Nicholas Perera , Andrew Perron , Michael Phelan , William Phillips , Jesse Pines , Emanuele Piraccini , Elke Platz , Charles Pollack , Emilie Powell , Bertrand Prunet , Patrick Ray , Bertrand Renaud , Bruno Riou , Robert Rodriguez , Marcy Rosenberg , Anna Rouse-Dulaney , Brian Rowe , Alfred Sacchetti , Carolyn Sachs , Philip Salen , Leon Sanchez , Michael Sauer , Walter Schrading , Jon Schrock , Anand Shah , Suzanne Shepherd , Veronica Sikka , Michael Silver