Basic Water and Wastewater Treatment

Butterworths Basic Series

1st Edition - January 8, 1990
Author: T H Y Tebbutt
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 1 - 4 1 2 1 - 3

Basic Water and Wastewater Treatment discusses the water cycle, flow measurement, physical treatment processes, chemical treatment processes, biological treatment process, and… Read more

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Basic Water and Wastewater Treatment discusses the water cycle, flow measurement, physical treatment processes, chemical treatment processes, biological treatment process, and sludge handling and treatment. The book also describes the use of the BASIC computer program to calculate problems involving water pollutants. Flow measurements involve the use of a gauging structure, velocity measurements of a known cross-section, or dilution gauging. To evaluate, in quantitative terms, the effects of a certain pollutant discharged and received by a body of water, the investigator can employ a tool in chemical dilution gauging—the mass balance analysis. Many microorganisms, organic and inorganic compounds degrade in a natural process of self-purification; their decay can be modeled as an exponential function. One standard of water treatment facility or wastewater treatment plant cannot be built to deal with all the various components of water pollution. The book cites relevant standards such as the EC Directive 80/778/EEC: "Quality of Water Intended for Human Consumption" in the EU; the "Safe Drinking Water Act" in the U.S.A.; and the "Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality" issued by the World Health Organization. The book describes water quality parameters, water supply sources, and wastewater collection, including its treatment and disposal.

Preface1 Introduction to BASIC 1.1 BASIC Language 1.2 Variables 1.3 Input 1.4 Output 1.5 Mathematical Expressions 1.6 Conditional Statements 1.7 Loops 1.8 Subroutines 1.9 Errors and Checks Further Reading2 Elements of Water and Wastewater Treatment 2.1 The Water Cycle 2.2 Water Quality 2.3 Water Quality Parameters 2.4 Water Supply and Treatment 2.5 Wastewater Collection, Treatment and Disposal 2.6 Pollution Control Further Reading3 Flow Measurement, Sampling and Analysis Essential Theory 3.1 Flow Measurement Techniques 3.2 Sampling Techniques 3.3 Analytical Methods 3.4 Some Typical Analyses 3.5 Interpretation of Results Worked Examples 3.1 CURMET: Current Metering 3.2 CHEMDIL: Chemical Dilution Gauging 3.3 ALKTY: Alkalinity Analysis 3.4 BODDATA: BOD Data Analysis Problems Further Reading4 Environmental Aspects Essential Theory 4.1 Mass Balance Concepts 4.2 Types of Pollutant 4.3 Reaeration and the Oxygen Balance Worked Examples 4.1 BALDEC: Pollutant Concentration and Decay Calculations 4.2 REAER: Reaeration Calculations 4.3 DOSAG: Dissolved Oxygen Sag Program Problems Further Reading5 Physical Treatment Processes Essential Theory 5.1 Sedimentation 5.2 Flocculation 5.3 Flow Through Porous Media Worked Examples 5.1 DISPAR: Settling Velocity of Discrete Particles 5.2 IDEALSED: Performance of an Ideal Settling Tank 5.3 FLOC: Flocculation Calculations 5.4 FILTER: Deep-Bed Filter Head Losses Using Rose's Equation Problems Further Reading6 Chemical Treatment Processes Essential Theory 6.1 Chemical Coagulation 6.2 Chemical Precipitation 6.3 Ion Exchange 6.4 Disinfection Worked Examples 6.1 COAG: Chemical Coagulation 6.2 PRESOFT: Precipitation Softening 6.3 IONEX: Sodium Cycle Ion-Exchange Softening 6.4 KILL: Disinfection Calculations Problems Further Reading7 Biological Treatment Processes Essential Theory 7.1 Principles of Biological Treatment 7.2 Biochemical Reactions 7.3 Biological Filter 7.4 Activated Sludge 7.5 Oxidation Pond 7.6. Anaerobic Processes Worked Examples 7.1 BIOGRO: Solids Accumulation in Aerobic Treatment 7.2 KINCOF: Biological Kinetic Coefficients 7.3 ANAEROBE: Anaerobic Solids and Gas Production 7.4 OXPOND: Facultative Oxidation Pond Loadings Problems Further Reading8 Sludge Handling and Treatment Essential Theory 8.1 Properties of Sludges 8.2 Measurement of Dewatering Characteristics 8.3 Dewatering Methods 8.4 Sludge Disposal Worked Examples 8.1 SLUDGE: Sludge Volume Calculations 8.2 SPECREST: Specific Resistance to Filtration Problems Further Reading9 Concepts in Design Essential Theory 9.1 Treatment Plant Design 9.2 Optimized Design 9.3 Decision-Making Worked Examples 9.1 STPDES: Sewage Treatment Plant Design 9.2 OPTDES: Demonstration of Optimized Design 9.3 RURWAT: Choice of a Water Source Problems Further ReadingIndex