Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration

Novel Techniques and Applications

1st Edition - June 2, 2014
Editors: P. Dubruel, S. Van Vlierberghe
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 8 5 7 0 9 - 8 0 4 - 7
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 8 5 7 0 9 - 8 1 0 - 8

Novel Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration provides a comprehensive review of currently available biomaterials and how they can be applied in bone regeneration. In recent decades,… Read more

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Novel Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration provides a comprehensive review of currently available biomaterials and how they can be applied in bone regeneration. In recent decades, there has been a shift from the idea of using biomaterials as passive substitutes for damaged bones towards the concept of biomaterials as aids for the regeneration of a host's own bone tissue. This has generated an important field of research and a range of technological developments.

Part one of this book discusses a wide range of materials, including calcium phosphate cements, hydrogels, biopolymers, synthetic polymers, and shape memory polymers. Part two then turns to the processing and surface modification of biomaterials, as well as how biomaterials can be evaluated both for their mechanical properties and for immunocompatibility with the host. Finally, part three covers a variety of cellular approaches, and production and delivery of biomaterials for bone regeneration. Chapters also consider the potential of electromagnetic and ultrasonic stimulation of biomaterials to aid in the regenerative process.

Novel Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration represents an important resource for academics, clinicians, and industry professionals working in the area of biomedical materials, providing them with both an overview of the current state-of-the-art, and an indication of potential future developments.

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Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomaterials
Dedication
Foreword
Part I: Materials for bone regeneration
- 1. Calcium phosphate cements for bone regeneration
  - Abstract:
  - 1.1 Introduction
  - 1.2 Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs)
  - 1.3 Properties of CPCs
  - 1.4 Design of a CPC
  - 1.5 Current clinical applications and unmet clinical needs
  - 1.6 Conclusions
  - 1.7 References
- 2. Injectable calcium phosphate cements for spinal bone repair
  - Abstract:
  - 2.1 Introduction
  - 2.2 Biomaterials used in vertebroplasty: calcium phosphate systems and calcium phosphate cements (CPCs)
  - 2.3 Property requirements for bone substitute material
  - 2.4 Improving the qualities of CPCs
  - 2.5 Other clinical applications of CPC-based systems
  - 2.6 Conclusions and future trends
  - 2.7 References
- 3. Hydrogels for bone regeneration
  - Abstract:
  - 3.1 Introduction
  - 3.2 Hydrogels for bone regeneration: an overview
  - 3.3 Hydrogels as injectable delivery systems for bone regeneration
  - 3.4 Hydrogels for guided bone regeneration
  - 3.5 Hydrogels as carriers and delivery vehicles for growth factors (GFs) and other biologically active elements
  - 3.6 Hydrogels supporting mineralization
  - 3.7 Conclusions and future trends
  - 3.8 Acknowledgements
  - 3.9 References
- 4. Combinations of biopolymers and synthetic polymers for bone regeneration
  - Abstract:
  - 4.1 Introduction
  - 4.2 Protein-based materials
  - 4.3 Polysaccharide-based materials
  - 4.4 Surface-functionalized synthetic polymers and layered systems
  - 4.5 Future trends
  - 4.6 Sources of further information and advice
  - 4.7 References
- 5. Applications of shape memory polymers (SMPs) in mechanobiology and bone repair
  - Abstract:
  - 5.1 Introduction
  - 5.2 Shape memory polymers (SMPs)
  - 5.3 SMP substrates for the study of bone cell mechanobiology
  - 5.4 SMP substrates for the study of osteogenic differentiation
  - 5.5 SMP substrates and scaffolds for use as in vitro model systems
  - 5.6 In vivo scaffolds for bone repair
  - 5.7 Safety considerations
  - 5.8 Conclusions
  - 5.9 Sources of further information and advice
  - 5.10 References
Part II: Processing, surface modifi cation and evaluation of biomaterials for bone regeneration
- 6. Photopolymerization-based additive manufacturing for the development of 3D porous scaffolds
  - Abstract:
  - 6.1 Introduction
  - 6.2 Photopolymerization
  - 6.3 Natural-based photopolymers
  - 6.4 Synthetic photopolymers
  - 6.5 Lithography-based additive manufacturing technologies (AMTs) for the fabrication of scaffolds
  - 6.6 Recent trends – third strategy in tissue engineering
  - 6.7 Conclusions
  - 6.8 Acknowledgements
  - 6.9 References
  - 6.10 Appendix: List of abbreviations
- 7. Cold plasma surface modification of biodegradable polymer biomaterials
  - Abstract:
  - 7.1 Introduction
  - 7.2 Biodegradable polymers
  - 7.3 Plasma: the fourth state of matter
  - 7.4 Cold plasma sources
  - 7.5 Cold plasma surface modification of biodegradable polymers
  - 7.6 Conclusions and future trends
  - 7.7 References
- 8. In vitro analysis of magnesium corrosion in orthopaedic biomaterials
  - Abstract:
  - 8.1 Introduction
  - 8.2 Influence of material manufacturing, processing and finishing
  - 8.3 Performance of magnesium and its alloys
  - 8.4 Choosing the experimental environment
  - 8.5 Choosing in vitro parameters
  - 8.6 Future trends
  - 8.7 Sources of further information and advice
  - 8.8 References
- 9. Evaluating the mechanical properties of biomaterials
  - Abstract:
  - 9.1 Introduction
  - 9.2 Hyperelasticity
  - 9.3 Viscoelasticity
  - 9.4 Poroelasticity
  - 9.5 Experimental methods
  - 9.6 References
- 10. Assessing immunological properties of biomaterials for bone regeneration applications
  - Abstract:
  - 10.1 Introduction
  - 10.2 Characteristics of biomaterials for bone regeneration
  - 10.3 Bio- and immunocompatibility and host responses to biomaterials
  - 10.4 Osteoimmunology
  - 10.5 Evaluation of immunocompatibility
  - 10.6 Future trends
  - 10.7 References
Part III: Cellular approaches and physical stimulation of biomaterials for bone regeneration applications
- 11. Polymeric and liposomal nanocarriers for controlled drug delivery
  - Abstract:
  - 11.1 Introduction
  - 11.2 Drug delivery systems: requirements and materials
  - 11.3 Processing techniques
  - 11.4 Applications of liposomes and nanospheres as drug delivery systems
  - 11.5 Safety considerations
  - 11.6 Future trends
  - 11.7 References
- 12. Gene transfer vectors (DNA vehicles) and their incorporation into biomaterials for bone repair
  - Abstract:
  - 12.1 Introduction
  - 12.2 Gene therapy for bone regeneration
  - 12.3 Gene transfer methods and vectors
  - 12.4 Biomaterials for gene delivery
  - 12.5 Studies in bone regeneration
  - 12.6 Safety and ethical considerations
  - 12.7 Conclusions
  - 12.8 References
- 13. Stem cell technology for in vitro bone tissue engineering
  - Abstract:
  - 13.1 Introduction
  - 13.2 Materials for bone tissue engineering (TE): mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)
  - 13.3 Processing techniques: strategies in bone tissue engineering
  - 13.4 Future trends
  - 13.5 Sources of further information and advice
  - 13.6 References
- 14. Stem cell technology for in vivo bone repair
  - Abstract:
  - 14.1 Introduction
  - 14.2 Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as cell material for in vivo bone repair
  - 14.3 Methods: processing techniques and cell culture
  - 14.4 Monitoring cell behavior
  - 14.5 Safety considerations and regulations
  - 14.6 Future trends
  - 14.7 References
- 15. Potential of electromagnetic and ultrasound stimulations for bone regeneration
  - Abstract:
  - 15.1 Introduction
  - 15.2 Materials to enhance the in vitro cell culture
  - 15.3 Processing techniques
  - 15.4 Applications
  - 15.5 Future trends
  - 15.6 Acknowledgements
  - 15.7 References
Index

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P. Dubruel

S. Van Vlierberghe