Visual and Oculomotor Functions

I. Saccadic Eye Movements. For and against spatial coding of saccades. Differences in eye movement related potentials with visually triggered horizontal and vertical saccades. Saccades toward externally or internally acquired memorized locations. Masking effects in saccadic eye movements. Saccadic latency under numerical, spatial and verbal tasks. A method for the clinical use of secondary saccade latency. Stimulus uncertainty and the occurrence of human express saccades. Reaction time and velocity of small saccades in man. The effect of frontal and parietal lesions on saccadic reaction time. II. Smooth Pursuit and Motion Perception. Smooth pursuit in strabismic children. Smooth pursuit over a structured background: The effects of temporal and spatial changes in target and background. Quantifying perceptual constancy during tracking eye movements and noncollinear motion of a background target. Smooth pursuit eye movements during and after acute exposure to hypobaric hypoxia. A control system of voluntary eye movement in tracking a visual target. Short delays of vergence eye movements in man during pursuit tasks in light and dark conditions. Binocular eye movements while showing a moving stimulus to one eye only. III. Eye Movements in Pathology and Clinical Settings. Predictive velocity estimation in the pursuit reflex of patients with cerebellar ataxia and Parkinson's disease. Gain and peak velocity of saccades in Parkinson's disease and Parkinsonism: A comparison between experiment and computer simulation. Characteristics of remembered saccades in Parkinson's disease. Saccades and 6-methylprednisolone treatment in multiple sclerosis. Saccadic downpulsion in a patient with cerebellar disease. Abnormal saccadic eye movements in psychiatric patients as part of a spatial management disorder. IV. Neurophysiology of Eye Movements. Neural networks and dynamic feedback in the superior colliculus. Discharge behavior of omnipause neurons in the cat. The role of omnipause neurons during gaze shifts. Effects of ketamine on the oculomotor neural integrator and on the velocity storage element. Spatio-temporal pattern of eye movements induced by ketamine in the rat. Effects of perinatal hypoxia on the postnatal development of spontaneous saccadic eye movements in rabbits. Otolithic control of anticompensatory fast phases (AFPs) in cats. Influence of vestibular and optokinetic stimulation of eye fixation in the macaque monkey. V. VOR/OKN. Influence of NMDA receptors in the optokinetic afternystagmus (OKAN). Effects of unilateral visual deprivation in adult frog on monocular OKN directional asymmetry. Effects of unilateral microinjections of GABAA antagonist into the chicken mesencephalic structures responsible for OKN. The effect of head reorientation on the direction of postrotatory nystagmus in humans. VI. Methods. The measurement of small eye movements using an infra-red limbus reflection technique. Head and eye coordination analysis and a new gaze analyzer developed for this purpose. Author index. Subject index.