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Direct Microbial Conversion of Biomass to Advanced Biofuels
1st Edition - May 19, 2015
Editor: Michael E Himmel
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:9780444595928
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 5 9 5 9 2 - 8
eBook ISBN:9780444595898
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 5 9 5 8 9 - 8
'Direct Microbial Conversion of Biomass to Advanced Biofuels' is a stylized text that is rich in both the basic and applied sciences. It provides a higher level summary of the mo…Read more
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'Direct Microbial Conversion of Biomass to Advanced Biofuels' is a stylized text that is rich in both the basic and applied sciences. It provides a higher level summary of the most important aspects of the topic, addressing critical problems solved by deep science.
Expert users will find new, critical methods that can be applied to their work, detailed experimental plans, important outcomes given for illustrative problems, and conclusions drawn for specific studies that address broad based issues.
A broad range of readers will find this to be a comprehensive, informational text on the subject matter, including experimentalists and even CEOs deciding on new business directions.
Describes an important new field in biotechnology, the consolidated conversion of lignocellulosic feedstocks to advanced fuels
Up-to-date views of promising technologies used in the production of advanced biofuels
Presents the newest ideas, well-designed experiments, and outcomes
Provides outstanding illustrations from NREL and contributing researchers
Contains contributions from leaders in the field that provide numerous examples and insights into the most important aspects of the topic
Biochemists, molecular biologists, chemists, and microbiologists working to understand the fundamental problems associated with biomass conversion research, but also chemical and mechanical engineers working to design new conversion processes for advanced biofuels. DOE and other government staff looking for expert advice in the field of Biofuels production
Foreword
Part 1. Direct Microbial Conversion ofBiomass to Advanced Biofuels
Chapter 1. Feedstock Engineering and Biomass Pretreatments: New Views for a Greener Biofuels Process
Feedstock Engineering Aiming to Provide More Pretreatable and Digestable Biomass
In Planta Engineering for Reduced Recalcitrance Traits
Mild and Green Pretreatments of Biomass for Lower Toxicity in Lignocellulosic Hydrolysates and Solid Residues
A New Concept of Tailored Chemoprocessing for Individual Microorganisms
Building Unified Chemobiomass Databases and Libraries of Chemicals
Conclusions
Chapter 2. Hydrocarbon Biosynthesis in Microorganisms
Introduction
Microbiology and Hydrocarbon Products
Enzymes and Mechanisms of Hydrocarbon Biosynthesis
Chapter 3. Perspectives on Process Analysis for Advanced Biofuel Production
Introduction
Aerobic Bioprocess
Aerobic Bioprocess Discussion
Anaerobic Bioprocess
Consolidated Bioprocessing
Data Gaps, Uncertainties, and Research Needs
Conclusion
Part 2. Biomass Structure andRecalcitrance
Chapter 4. Tailoring Plant Cell Wall Composition and Architecture for Conversion to Liquid Hydrocarbon Biofuels
Biomass Feedstocks are Already an Abundant Resource
Chemical Structure and Physical Properties of Lignocellulosic Biomass
Biochemical, Chemical and Pyrolytic Conversion Pathways Provide Alternative Routes to Fuels
Tailoring Biomass for Downstream Conversion Processes
Adding Value to Plant Biomass Through Modification of Lignin
Redesigning Cellulose Microfibrils for Ease of Disassembly
Modification of Accessory Proteins for Altering Cellulose Microfibril Structure
Modifying Xylan Composition and Architecture in the Interstitial Space
Modulating Gene Expression Networks to Alter Lignin and Carbohydrate Composition and Architecture
Conclusions
Chapter 5. Processive Cellulases
Chapter 6. Bacterial AA10 Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases Enhance the Hydrolytic Degradation of Recalcitrant Substrates
Substrate Recalcitrance and Cellulase Mixtures
Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases
Conclusion
Chapter 7. New Insights into Microbial Strategies for Biomass Conversion
Introduction
Distinct Enzyme Synergy Paradigms in Cellulolytic Microorganisms
New Cellulose Digestion Strategies Promoting Interspecies Synergism
Future Perspective
Chapter 8. New Paradigms for Engineering Plant Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes
Introduction
Engineering of Single Enzymes
Cellulosome Engineering
Multifunctional Enzyme Design
Cell Wall-Anchored Paradigms
Reflections and Perspectives
Part 3. Fuels from Fungi and Yeast
Chapter 9. Expression of Fungal Hydrolases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Introduction
Cellulose and Hemicellulose Structure and Hydrolysis
Expression of Fungal Cellulases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Expression of Xylan Hydrolases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Expression of Mannan Hydrolases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Discussion
Chapter 10. Identification of Genetic Targets to Improve Lignocellulosic Hydrocarbon Production in Trichoderma reesei Using Public Genomic and Transcriptomic Datasets
Background
Materials and Methods
Results and Discussions
Conclusions and Perspectives
Chapter 11. Production of Ethanol from Engineered Trichoderma reesei
Introduction
Trichoderma reesei Produce Ethanol from Biomass Sugars
The pH during Fermentation Affects Ethanol Yield
Sugar Used during Growth Phase Affects Xylose Fermentation
Direct Conversion of Cellulose to Ethanol
Enhancing Ethanol Synthesis by Metabolic Engineering
Discussion
Chapter 12. Remaining Challenges in the Metabolic Engineering of Yeasts for Biofuels
Introduction—Yeasts as the Catalyst for Biomass Consumption and Biofuel Production
Metabolic Engineering—An Overview
Enzyme and Pathway Engineering
Gene Expression Engineering
Engineering the Metabolic Network—Classical Strain Engineering and Systems Biology
Computational Tools—Predictive Models for Metabolic Engineering
Beyond Glucose
Beyond Bioethanol
Beyond Current Capability
Beyond Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Beyond Current Yield, Titers, and Production Rates
Conclusion
Part 4. Fuels from Bacteria
Chapter 13. New Tools for the Genetic Modification of Industrial Clostridia
Introduction
Transfer of Exogenous Genetic Material
Clostridial Vector Systems
Forward Genetics by Random Mutagenesis
Reverse Genetics
Other Advanced Genetic Tools
Conclusion
Chapter 14. Outlook for the Production of Butanol from Cellulolytic Strains of Clostridia
Introduction
Cellulolytic Clostridia and the Cellulosome
Microbial n-Butanol- and Isobutanol-Producing Pathways
Progress toward Butanol CBP in Cellulolytic Clostridia
Conclusions
Chapter 15. Influence of Particle Size on Direct Microbial Conversion of Hot Water-Pretreated Poplar by Clostridium thermocellum
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results
Conclusion
Chapter 16. Clostridium thermocellum: Engineered for the Production of Bioethanol
Biotechnological Interest in Clostridium thermocellum
C. thermocellum Characteristics
Ecology and Isolates
Physiology, Metabolism, and Ethanol Tolerance
Genome Sequences
Transcriptomics and Proteomics
C. thermocellum Genetic Tools and Metabolic Engineering
Outlook
Chapter 17. Omics Approaches for Designing Biofuel Producing Cocultures for Enhanced Microbial Conversion of Lignocellulosic Substrates
Introduction
Synergistic Cocultures for Fermentation of Lignocellulosic Substrates
Predicting Synergistic Cocultures
Conclusions
Chapter 18. Engineering Synthetic Microbial Consortia for Consolidated Bioprocessing of Ligonocellulosic Biomass into Valuable Fuels and Chemicals
Introduction
Engineering Single Microorganisms to Enable CBP
Engineered Synthetic Microbial Consortia for CBP
Emerging Methods for Designing and Regulating Synthetic Microbial Consortia
Concluding Remarks
Chapter 19. A Route from Biomass to Hydrocarbons via Depolymerization and Decarboxylation of Microbially Produced Polyhydroxybutyrate
Introduction
Experimental Section
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
Index
No. of pages: 422
Language: English
Edition: 1
Published: May 19, 2015
Imprint: Elsevier
Hardback ISBN: 9780444595928
eBook ISBN: 9780444595898
MH
Michael E Himmel
Affiliations and expertise
Group Manager, National Renewable Energy Laboratory
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