Green Analytical Chemistry

Theory and Practice

1st Edition, Volume 57 - October 27, 2010
Authors: Miguel de la Guardia, Sergio Armenta
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 5 3 7 0 9 - 6
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 5 3 7 1 0 - 2

This book provides basic coverage of the fundamentals and principles of green chemistry as it applies to chemical analysis. The main goal of Green Analytical Chemistry is to avoid… Read more

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This book provides basic coverage of the fundamentals and principles of green chemistry as it applies to chemical analysis. The main goal of Green Analytical Chemistry is to avoid or reduce the undesirable environmental side effects of chemical analysis, while preserving the classic analytical parameters of accuracy, sensitivity, selectivity, and precision. The authors review the main strategies for greening analytical methods, concentrating on minimizing sample preparation and handling, reducing solvent and reagent consumption, reducing energy consumption, minimizing of waste, operator safety and the economic savings that this approach offers.

Suggestions are made to educators and editors to standardize terminology in order to facilitate the identification of analytical studies on green alternatives in the literature because there is not a wide and generalized use of a common term that can group efforts to prevent waste, avoid the use of potentially toxic reagents or solvents and those involving the decontamination of wastes.

1. Origins of Green Analytical Chemistry1.1. The Ecological Paradigm1.2. The environmental opportunities for Analytical Chemistry1.3. The bad conscience of consumers of reagents and waste generation1.4. Clean analytical methods1.5. Green Chemistry1.6. The integrated approach of Analytical Chemistry1.7. The state-of-the-art of Green Analytical Chemistry1.8. References

2. The basis of a greener Analytical Chemistry2.1. The side effects of reagents and solvents2.2. The energy costs of Analytical Chemistry2.3. Waste generation and its associated risks2.4. Strategies for greening Analytical Chemistry2.5. References

3. A green evaluation of existing analytical methods3.1. Toxicological data of reagents3.2. Evaluation of the contact of operators with reagents and wastes 3.3. Evaluation of energy consumption 3.4. Evaluation of reagent consumption and waste generation3.5. Compatibility of Green Chemistry principles and the main analytical figures of merit3.6. References

4. Avoiding sample treatments4.1. Remote sensing4.2. Noninvasive measurements on blisters, bottles or vials4.3. Direct analysis without sample damage4.4. Direct methods with sample damage4.5. References

5. Greening sample treatments5.1. Solid sample extraction techniques5.2. Extraction of liquid samples5.3 Extraction of volatile analytes; direct thermal desorption5.4. Concluding remarks5.5. References

6. Multianalyte determination versus one-at-a-time methodologies6.1. Multianalyte determination in spectroscopy6.2. Multianalyte determination in mass spectrometry6.3. Multianalyte determination in chromatography and capillary electrophoresis6.4. Mass spectrometry as detector in separation systems6.5. References

7. Downsizing the methods7.1. Minimization of the reagents consumed through automation7.2. Miniaturization of sample preparation systems7.3. Miniaturization of analysis systems7.4. Electrochemical sensors7.5. Spectroscopic sensors7.6. UPLC, micro and nanoHPLC7.7. References

8. Moving from wastes to clean wastes8.1. The problem of analytical wastes8.2. Replacement of toxic reagents8.3. Use of alternative solvents (Ionic Liquids)8.4. On-line decontamination of wastes8.5. On-line recycling of wastes8.6. References

9. Ideas for a change of mentality and practices9.1. Introducing sustainable parameters in the evaluation of methods9.2. Economic balances of sustainability9.3. Downsizing the scale of problems9.4. Creating new relationships between samples and operators9.5. References

10. Practical consequences of green analytical chemistry10.1. The use of green terms10.2. The need of classification criteria for analytical methods concerning sustainability10.3. Practices to be avoided in analytical laboratories10.4. Practices to be improved in analytical laboratories10.5. Greening the analytical publications10.6. Teaching Green Analytical Chemistry10.7. References INDEX

Miguel de la Guardia

Prof Dr.Miguel de la Guardia is Full Professor at Valencia University (Department of Analytical Chemistry) from 1991. He has published more than 550 papers in journals of the Science Citation Index with 8747 citations,5 Spanish patents, 3 books on Green Analytical Chemistry (Elsevier, RSC and Wiley) and and 2 books on Food analysis (Elsevier and Wiley) additionally than 15 book chapters. His H index is 39 He has supervised 33 PhD thesis and is member of the Editorial board of TrEAC Trends in Environmental Analytical Chemistry (The Netherlands), Bioimpacts (Iran) Spectroscopy Letters (USA), Current Green Chemistry (United Arab Emirates) Ciencia (Venezuela), J. Braz. Chem. Soc. (Brazil) Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry and Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability (UK), SOP Transactionson Nano-technology (USA) and SOP Transactions on Analytical Chemistry (USA). Member of the Advisory board of Analytica Chimica Acta (The Netherlands) between 1995 and 2000, and editor of five special issues of the journal Spectroscopy letters(USA) about Quantitative Vibrational Spectrometry (2005), Spectrometry and Automation (2006), Research on Spectroscopy in Morocco (2007), RISO Conference Special issue (2008) and Green Spectroscopy (2009) and a special issue of TrAC on Green Analytical Chemistry(2011)Invited Editor of a special issue on Green Analytical Methods of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry published in 2012 and co-editor with S. Garrigues of a special issue on Analytical Diagnostics for Analytical Methods (RSC) to be published in 2014. Chevallier dans l’ordre des Palmes Acadèmiquess decorated by the Minister Council of France.

Affiliations and expertise

University of Valencia, Spain

Sergio Armenta

Sergio Armenta is professor of the Analytical Chemistry Department of the University of Valencia (Spain). He obtained his PhD in Analytical Chemistry at the Universitat de València in 2006. His research topics included coupling of automated flow systems with infrared and Raman spectroscopy and the development of vibrational spectroscopy based methodologies combined with chemometrics for the quality control of commercial products. His current research field is devoted to the development of fast and sensitive analytical methodologies based on ion mobility spectrometry in forensic and environmental research areas.

Affiliations and expertise

University of Valencia, Spain