Mechanics of Flow-Induced Sound and Vibration V1

Preface

Organization of the Book

List of Symbols


1 Introductory Concepts


1.1 Occurrences of Noise Induced by Flow


1.2 Fluid-Body Interactions for Sound Production


1.3 Dimensional Analysis of Sound Generation


1.4 Signal Analysis Tools of Vibration and Sound


1.5 Representations of Measured Sound


1.6 Mathematical Refresher

References


2 Theory of Sound and Its Generation by Flow


2.1 Fundamentals of Linear Acoustics Theory


2.2 Sommerfeld's Radiation Condition


2.3 Lighthill's Theory of Aerodynamic Noise


2.4 Effects of Surfaces on Flow-Induced Noise


2.5 Powell's Theory of Vortex Sound


2.6 Representations in the Frequency and Wave Number Domains


2.7 Sources in Ducts and Pipes

References


3 Shear Layer Instabilities, Flow Tones, and Jet Noise


3.1 Introduction


3.2 Shear Flow Instabilities and the Generation of Vorticity


3.3 The Free Shear Layer and Cavity Resonance


3.4 Self-Excitation of Jets


3.5 The Stochastic Nature of Turbulence


3.6 Fundamentals of Noise from Subsonic Turbulent Jets


3.7 Noise from Unsteady Mass Injection

References


4 Dipole Sound from Cylinders


4.1 Introduction: General Description of Vortex Flow, Lift Fluctuation, and Sound


4.2 Mechanics of Vortex Formation behind Circular Cylinders


4.3 Measured Flow-Induced Forces and Their Frequencies


4.4 Estimations of Wake-Induced Forces in Two-Dimensional Flow


4.5 Formulation of the Acoustic Problem for Compact Surfaces


4.6 Radiation from Rotating Rods


4.7 Other Topics in Vortex-Induced Noise

Appendix: The Sound Field of a Two-Dimensional Dipole

References


5 Fundamentals of Flow-Induced Vibration and Noise


5.1 Introduction


5.2 Response of Single-Degree-of-Freedom Systems to Temporally Random Excitation


5.3 General Features of Structures Driven by Randomly Distributed Pressure Fields


5.4 Modal Shape Functions for Simple Structures


5.5 Essential Features of Structural Radiation


5.6 Radiation from Structures in Heavy Fluids


5.7 Sound from Flow-Induced Vibration of a Circular Cylinder


5.8 Summary and Principles of Noise Control

References


6 Introduction to Bubble Dynamics and Cavitation


6.1 Basic Equations of Bubble Dynamics


6.2 Theoretical Cavitation Thresholds and Nonlinear Oscillations of Spherical Bubbles


6.3 The Collapse of Cavitation Bubbles


6.4 Theory of Single-Bubble Cavitation Noise

Appendix: Derivation of Approximate Spectral Functions

References

Index

Contents of Volume II


7 Hydrodynamically Induced Cavitation and Bubble Noise


7.1 Introductory Concepts: The Cavitation Index and Cavitation Similitude


7.2 Hydrodynamic Cavitation Noise and Inception


7.3 Measurements of Sounds from Cavitation in Turbulent Jets, Wakes, and Hydrofoils


7.4 Propeller Cavitation


7.5 Sounds from Linear Bubble Motions


7.6 Splash Noise

References


8 Essentials of Turbulent Wall-Pressure Fluctuations


8.1 Introduction


8.2 Equilibrium Boundary Layers


8.3 Theories of Wall Pressures Related to the Turbulence Structure


8.4 Pressure Fluctuations beneath Equilibrium Wall Layers


8.5 Spatial Filtering by Transducers, Transducer Arrays, and Flexible Panels


8.6 Pressure Fluctuations beneath Nonequilibrium Wall Layers

Appendix: Derivation of Equation (8-25)

References


9 Structural Response to Turbulent Wall Flow and Random Sound


9.1 Flow-Excited Structural Vibration


9.2 Sound from Flow-Induced Vibration


9.3 General Rules for Hydroacoustic Similarity and Noise Control


9.4 Further Consideration of Wall Pressures at Low Wave Numbers


9.5 Direct Acoustic Radiation from Turbulent Boundary Layers


9.6 Practical Significance of Boundary Layer Noise: Summary


9.7 Extensions of This Chapter to Excitation by Reverberant Sound Fields

References


10 Noise Radiation from Pipe and Duct Systems


10.1 Overview of the Noise Radiation from Fluid Conduits


10.2 Elements of the Structural Acoustics of Cylindrical Shells


10.3 Noise from Turbulent Pipe Flow


10.4 Sound Transmission through Pipe and Duct Walls


10.5 Aerodynamic Sound Generation by Valves and Throttling Devices


10.6 Cavitation Noise in Valves

References


11 Noncavitating Lifting Sections


11.1 Introduction


11.2 Overview of Flow-Induced Noise Sources


11.3 Forces and Sound due to Inflow Unsteadiness


11.4 Flow Regimes Affecting Trailing Edge Noise


11.5 Acoustic Tones from Vortex Shedding by Rigid Surfaces


11.6 Sound from Effectively Rigid Turbulent-Flow Airfoils


11.7 Flow-Induced Vibration and Singing

References


12 Noise from Rotating Machinery


12.1 Introduction


12.2 Elementary Acoustics of Rotating Machinery


12.3 Design Parameters of Rotors as Lifting Surfaces


12.4 Theoretical Free-Field Acoustics of Rotors


12.5 Self-Noise from Axial-Flow Machinery


12.6 Interaction Noise and Loading Functions in Axial-Flow Machines


12.7 Elementary Considerations for Enclosed Rotors and Centrifugal Fans

References