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Metagenomics for Microbiology
1st Edition - November 7, 2014
Editors: Jacques Izard, Maria Rivera
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:9780124104723
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 1 0 4 7 2 - 3
eBook ISBN:9780124105089
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 1 0 5 0 8 - 9
Concisely discussing the application of high throughput analysis to move forward our understanding of microbial principles, Metagenomics for Microbiology provides a solid base for…Read more
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Concisely discussing the application of high throughput analysis to move forward our understanding of microbial principles, Metagenomics for Microbiology provides a solid base for the design and analysis of omics studies for the characterization of microbial consortia. The intended audience includes clinical and environmental microbiologists, molecular biologists, infectious disease experts, statisticians, biostatisticians, and public health scientists. This book focuses on the technological underpinnings of metagenomic approaches and their conceptual and practical applications.
With the next-generation genomic sequencing revolution increasingly permitting researchers to decipher the coding information of the microbes living with us, we now have a unique capacity to compare multiple sites within individuals and at higher resolution and greater throughput than hitherto possible. The recent articulation of this paradigm points to unique possibilities for investigation of our dynamic relationship with these cellular communities, and excitingly the probing of their therapeutic potential in disease prevention or treatment of the future.
Expertly describes the latest metagenomic methodologies and best-practices, from sample collection to data analysis for taxonomic, whole shotgun metagenomic, and metatranscriptomic studies
Includes clear-headed pointers and quick starts to direct research efforts and increase study efficacy, eschewing ponderous prose
Presented topics include sample collection and preparation, data generation and quality control, third generation sequencing, advances in computational analyses of shotgun metagenomic sequence data, taxonomic profiling of shotgun data, hypothesis testing, and mathematical and computational analysis of longitudinal data and time series. Past-examples and prospects are provided to contextualize the applications.
Current researchers studying the use of metagenomic methods in molecular biology, microbiology, genomic expression, infectious disease, and cancer research
List of Contributors
Preface
Chapter 1: Steps in Metagenomics: Let’s Avoid Garbage in and Garbage Out
Abstract
Why metagenomics?
It all starts with the study design
Have a statistical analysis plan in place before starting
Metadata is needed to provide context to the analysis
Sampling: the basis of good results
Sample storage
Sample extraction
Choosing the right platform
Data storage and data analysis
Data and publication
Let’s talk about the status quo
Acknowledgments
Chapter 2: Long-Read, Single Molecule, Real-Time (SMRT) DNA Sequencing for Metagenomic Applications
Abstract
Full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing
Discussion
Chapter 3: Ribosomal RNA Removal Methods for Microbial Transcriptomics
Abstract
Introduction
Size selection by gel electrophoresis
Denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography
5′ phosphate-dependent exonuclease digestion
RNase H digestion
Subtractive hybridization with rRNA-specific probes
Biased 3′ polyadenylation against rRNA
Selective priming in cDNA synthesis
cDNA library normalization
Combination of methods
Conclusions and perspectives
Chapter 4: High-Throughput Sequencing as a Tool for Exploring the Human Microbiome
Abstract
Introduction
Organizing metagenomic reads by mapping onto reference genomes
Taxonomic classification/binning
Structuring metagenomic short reads into a gene catalog by de novo assembly
Clustering metagenomic gene catalogs
Advanced metagenomic analyses
Conclusion
Chapter 5: Computational Tools for Taxonomic Microbiome Profiling of Shotgun Metagenomes
Abstract
Introduction
Taxonomic profiling with shotgun metagenomics
Assembly-based taxonomic profiling of microbiome
Compositional approaches for metagenomic binning
Mapping-based recruitment of metagenomic reads
Marker-based taxonomic profiling
Profiling large metagenomic cohorts: a case study
Conclusions and outlook
Acknowledgments
Chapter 6: Hypothesis Testing of Metagenomic Data
Abstract
Introduction
Metagenomic data
Compare diversity across groups
Compare a taxon of interest across groups
Compare the frequency of all taxa across groups
Discussion and future research
Chapter 7: Longitudinal Microbiome Data Analysis
Abstract
Introduction
Examples
Computational methods for analyzing microbiome time-series data
Conclusion
Chapter 8: Metagenomics for Bacteriology
Abstract
Healthy hosts and microbiomes
What about disease?
Food, biotransformation, and life
Some practical usage of the microbiomes
Our societal choices influence the microbiomes
Diving into a detailed view of the scales involved
What would help to further the leap?
Acknowledgments
Chapter 9: Toward the Understanding of the Human Virome
Abstract
Introduction
Virome characterization workflow
Recent virome studies
Interaction of the virome with the human host
Concluding remarks
Chapter 10: Promises and Prospects of Microbiome Studies
Abstract
Microbiome during development and disease
Therapeutic potential of microbiota modifications
Challenges ahead: human microbiome information in the health care system
Ethical considerations of microbiome research
Citizen scientist, crowdsourced research, and the microbiome
Metagenomics, agriculture, and food microbiology
Summary
Acknowledgments
Glossary
Index
No. of pages: 188
Language: English
Edition: 1
Published: November 7, 2014
Imprint: Academic Press
Paperback ISBN: 9780124104723
eBook ISBN: 9780124105089
JI
Jacques Izard
Affiliations and expertise
The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
MR
Maria Rivera
Affiliations and expertise
Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Biology, Richmond, Virginia, USA