Nanomaterials for Medical Applications, 1st Edition

Key Features

• Discusses the most important biomedical applications and devices of nanomaterials: drug delivery, medical imaging, gene therapy, nanorobots, biosensors and diagnostics
• Focuses on current commercialized techniques and applications, ensuring the work is entirely relevant to a rapidly evolving field
• Reviews the most recent studies on nanomaterial toxicity, thereby responding to the widescale private, policy and public interest in nanoscience

Description

This title covers recent advances in a variety of biomedical applications of nanostructured materials, as the field evolves from prototype device to real-world application. It presents the main types of nanomaterial used in medical application today: semiconductor nanomaterials, Magnetic nanomaterials, metal nanoparticles, Carbon nanomaterials, Hydrogel nanocomposites, Liposomes, Dendrimers, Polymer nanocomposites, and Biodegradable polymers.

Structurally the work is demarcated into the six most popular areas of research:
(1) biocompatibility of nanomaterials with living organisms in their various manifestations
(2) nanobiosensors for clinical diagnostics, detecting biomolecules which are useful in the clinical diagnosis of genetic, metabolically acquired, induced or infectious disease
(3) targeted drug delivery for nanomaterials in their various modifications
(4) nanomedical devices and structures which are used in the development of implantable medical devices and structures such as nanorobots
(5) nanopharmacology, as novel nanoparticles are increasingly engineered to diagnose conditions and recognize pathogens, identify ideal pharmaceutical agents to treat the condition or pathogens,fuel high-yield production of matched pharmaceuticals (potentially in vivo), locate, attach or enter target tissue, structures or pathogens; and dispense the ideal mass of matched biological compound to the target regions
(6) nanotoxicology and remediation, which focuses on finished and on-going various toxicity evaluations on various nanomaterials that are used and currently being developed for medical applications

Nanomaterials for Medical Applications, 1st Edition

Introduction: general overview of nanomaterials and their medical applications

Typologies-introduction of the various properties and characteristics of nanomaterials that are currently used or being developed for medical applications

1. Semiconductor nanomaterials
2. Magnetic nanomaterials
3. Metal nanoparticles
4. Carbon nanomaterials
5. Hydrogel nanocomposites
6. Liposomes
7. Dendrimers
8. Polymer nanocomposites
9. Biodegradable polymers

Biocompatibility-discussion of the various modifications on nanomaterials to make them biocompatible with

1. Human cell lines
2. Microorganisms
3. Plants
4. Animals
5. Proteins
6. DNA

Nanobiosensors for clinical diagnostics-biosensor applications of nanomaterials for detection various biomolecules that are useful in the clinical diagnosis of different types of diseases. These diseases may be genetic, metabolically acquired, induced, or caused by infectious disease causing agents.

1. Whole cell and whole microorganisms
2. Protein
3. Nucleic acid

Targeted drug delivery-this chapter presents the various ways of modifying nanomaterials for targeted drug delivery. Various nanomaterials that are currently used or being developed for targeted drug delivery will be included.

1. Liposomes
2. Dendrimers
3. Magnetic nanoparticles
4. Hydrogels
5. Biodegradable polymers

Nanomedical devices--this chapter will focus on nanomaterials that are used in the development of implantable medical devices and structures such as nanorobots.

1. Nanorobots
2. Nanochips and nano implants
3. Prostheses
4. Tissue engineering
5. Cell repair

Nanopharmacology-nanoparticles can be engineered to diagnose conditions and recognize pathogens; identify ideal pharmaceutical agents to treat the condition or pathogens; fuel high-yield production of matched pharmaceuticals (potentially in vivo); locate, attach or enter target tissue, structures or pathogens; and dispense the ideal mass of matched biological compound to the target regions. 

1. Nano genetherapy
2. Nanoimmunotherapy

Nanotoxicology and remediation-this will focus on finished and on-going various toxicity evaluations on various nanomaterials that are used and currently being developed for medical applications

1. Influence of size, shape, and composition on toxicity
2. Mechanism of toxicity in the cellular, tissue, and organism level
3. Site specific nanotoxicity
4. Remediation and clean-up of nanomaterials spills and environmental contamination

Conclusions

Index