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Computational Techniques for Multiphase Flows
1st Edition - October 6, 2009
Authors: Guan Heng Yeoh, Jiyuan Tu
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:9780080467337
9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 4 6 7 3 3 - 7
eBook ISBN:9780080914893
9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 9 1 4 8 9 - 3
Mixed or multiphase flows of solid/liquid or solid/gas are commonly found in many industrial fields, and their behavior is complex and difficult to predict in many cases. The use…Read more
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Mixed or multiphase flows of solid/liquid or solid/gas are commonly found in many industrial fields, and their behavior is complex and difficult to predict in many cases. The use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has emerged as a powerful tool for the understanding of fluid mechanics in multiphase reactors, which are widely used in the chemical, petroleum, mining, food, beverage and pharmaceutical industries. Computational Techniques for Multiphase Flows enables scientists and engineers to the undertand the basis and application of CFD in muliphase flow, explains how to use the technique, when to use it and how to interpret the results and apply them to improving aplications in process enginering and other multiphase application areas including the pumping, automotive and energy sectors.
Understandable guide to a complex subject
Important in many industries
Ideal for potential users of CFD
chemical and mechanical engineers, especially in filtration, separation, gas/ liquid pumping, aerospace, automotive and energy industries.
Computational Fluid Dynamics as a Research Tool for Multiphase Flows
Computational Fluid Dynamics as a Design Tool for Multiphase Flows
Impact of Multiphase Flow Study on Computational Fluid Dynamics
Scope of This Book
Governing Equations and Boundary Conditions
Background of Different Approaches
Averaging Procedure for Multiphase Flow
Equations of Motion for Continuous Phase
Conservation of Mass
Conservation of Momentum
Conservation of Energy
Interfacial Transport
Effective Conservation Equations
Comments and Observations on the Governing Equations for the Two-Fluid Modeling Approach
Equations of Motion for Disperse Phase
Turbulence in Transport Phenomena
Reynolds-Averaged Equations
Reynolds-Averaged Closure
Some Comments on the k-e Model and Implications of Other Turbulence Models
Shear Stress Transport (SST) Model
Reynolds Stress Model
Near Wall Treatment
Comments on Turbulence Modeling of the Disperse Phase
Differential and Integral Form of the Transport Equations
A Comment on Multi-Fluid Model
Boundary Conditions and Their Physical Interpretation
Comments on Some Wall Boundary Conditions for Multiphase Problems
Summary
Solution Methods for Multiphase Flows
Introduction
MESH SYSTEMS
Consideration for a Range of Multiphase Flow Problems
Application of Structured Mesh
Application of Body-Fitted Mesh
Application of Unstructured Mesh
Some Comments on Grid Generation
EULERIAN-EULERIAN FRAMEWORK
Numerical Algorithms
Basic Aspects of Discretisation – Finite Difference Method
Basic Aspects of Discretisation – Finite Volume Method
Basic Approximation of the Diffusion Term Based Upon the Finite Volume Method
Basic Approximation of the Advection Term Based Upon the Finite Volume Method
Some Comments on the Need for TVD Schemes
Explicit and Implicit Approaches
Assembly of Discretised Equations
Comments on the Linearization of Source Terms
Solution Algorithms
The Philosophy Behind the Pressure-Correction Techniques for Multiphase Problems
SIMPLE Algorithm for Mixture or Homogeneous Flows
A Comment on Other Pressure Correction Methods
Evaluation of the Face Velocity in Different Mesh Systems
Iterative Procedure Based on the SIMPLE Algorithm
Inter-Phase Slip Algorithm (IPSA) for Multiphase Flows
Inter-Phase Slip Algorithm-Coupled (IPSA-C) for Multiphase Flows
Comments on the Need for Improved Interpolation Methods of Evaluating the Face Velocity in Multiphase Problems
Matrix Solvers for the Segregated Approach in Different Mesh Systems
Coupled Equation System
EULERIAN-LAGRANGIAN FRAMEWORK
Numerical and Solution Algorithms
Basic Numerical Techniques
Comments on Sampling Particulates for Turbulent Dispersion
Some Comments on Attaining Proper Statistical Realizations
Evaluation of Source Terms for the Continuous Phase
INTERFACE TRACKING/CAPTURING ALGORITHMS
Basic Considerations of Interface Tracking/Capturing Methods
Algorithms Based on Surface Methods: With Comments
Markers on Interface (Surface Marker Techniques)
Algorithms Based on Volume Methods: With Comments
Markers in Fluid (MAC Formulation)
Volume of Fluid (VOF)
Level Set Method
Hybrid Methods
Computing Surface Tension and Wall Adhesion
Summary
Gas-Particle Flows
Introduction
Background
Classification of Gas-Particle Flows
Particle Loading and Stokes Number
Particle Dispersion due to Turbulence
Multiphase Models for Gas-Particle Flows
Eulerian-Lagrangian Framework
Eulerian-Eulerian Framework
Turbulence Modeling
Particle-Wall Collision Model
Worked Examples
Dilute Gas-Particle Flow over a Two-Dimensional Backward Facing Step
Dilute Gas-Particle Flow over a Three-Dimensional 90o Bend
Dilute Gas-Particle Flow over an Inline Tube Bank
Summary
Liquid-Particle Flows
Introduction
Background
Some Physical Characteristics of Flow in Sedimentation Tank
Some Physical Characteristics of Flow in Slurry Transport
Multiphase Models for Liquid-Particle Flows
Mixture Model
Modeling Source or Sink Terms for Flow in Sedimentation Tank
Modeling Source or Sink Terms for Flow in Slurry Transportation
Turbulence Modeling
Worked Examples
Liquid-Particle Flow in Sedimentation Tank
Sand-Water Slurry Flow in a Horizontal Straight Pipe
Summary
Gas-Liquid Flows
Introduction
Background
Categorization of Different Flow Regimes
Some Physical Characteristics of Boiling Flow
Multiphase Models for Liquid-Particle Flows
Multi-Fluid Model
Inter-phase Mass Transfer
Inter-phase Momentum Transfer
Inter-phase Heat Transfer
Turbulence Modeling
Population Balance Approach
Need for Population Balance in Gas-Liquid Flows
Population Balance Equation (PBE)
Method of Moments (MOM)
Quadrature Method of Moments (QMOM)
Direct Quadrature Method of Moments (DQMOM)
Class Methods (CM)
Average Quantities Approach
MUltiple SIze Group (MUSIG) Model
Bubble Interaction Mechanisms
Single Average Scalar Approach for Bubbly Flows
Multiple Bubble Size Approach for Bubbly Flows
Comments of Other Coalescence and Break-up Kernels
Modeling Beyond Bubbly Flows – A Phenomenological Consideration
Modeling Subcooled Boiling Flows
Review of Current Model Applications
Phenomenological Description
Nucleation of Bubbles at Heated Walls
Condensation of Bubbles in Subcooled Liquid
Worked Examples
Dispersed Bubbly Flow in a Rectangular Column
Bubbly Flow in a Vertical Pipe
Subcooled Boiling Flow in a Vertical Annulus
Application of MUSIG Boiling Model
Application of Improved Wall Heat Partition Model
Summary
Free Surface Flows
Introduction
Multiphase Models for Free Surface Flows
Relevant Worked Examples
Bubble Rising in a Viscous Liquid
Single Taylor Bubble
Collapse of a Liquid Column (Breaking Dam Problem)
Sloshing of Liquid
Summary
Freezing/Solidification
Introduction
Mathematical Formulation
Governing Equations
Solid-Liquid Interface
Other Boundary Conditions
Numerical Procedure
Internal Grid Generation
Surface Grid Generation
Optimizing Computational Meshes
Objective Function
Optimization Algorithm
Transformation of Governing Equations and Boundary Conditions
Worked Examples
Freezing of Water on a Vertical Wall in an Enclosed Cavity
Freezing of Water in an Open Cubical Cavity
Summary
Three-Phase Flows
Introduction
Description of Problem in the Context of Computational Fluid Dynamics
Modeling Approaches for Gas-Liquid-Solid Flows
Three-Fluid Model
Turbulence Modeling
Evaluation of Multiphase Models for Gas-Liquid-Solid Flows
Three-Phase Modeling of the Air Lift Pump
Modeling of Three-Phase Mechanically Agitated Reactor
Summary
Future Trends in Handling Turbulent Multiphase Flows
Introduction
Direct Numerical Simulation of Multiphase Flows
Model Description
Large Eddy Simulation of Multiphase Flows
Model Description
Basic Sub-Grid Scale Model
Dynamic Sub-Grid Scale Model
On Modeling Gas-Liquid-Solid Fluidization
Governing Equations
Interface Tracking/Capturing methods: With Comments
Discrete Particle Model
Particle-Particle Collision
Inter-Phase Couplings
Simulation Results
Some Concluding Remarks
Appendix A Full Derivation of Conservation Equations
References
Subject Index
No. of pages: 664
Language: English
Edition: 1
Published: October 6, 2009
Imprint: Butterworth-Heinemann
Hardback ISBN: 9780080467337
eBook ISBN: 9780080914893
GY
Guan Heng Yeoh
Guan Heng Yeoh is a professor at the School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW, and a principal research scientist at ANSTO. He is the founder and editor of the Journal of Computational Multiphase Flows and the group leader of Computational Thermal-Hydraulics of OPAL Research Reactor, ANSTO. He has approximately 250 publications including 10 books, 12 book chapters, 156 journal articles and 115 conference papers with an H-index of 33 and over 4490 citations. His research interests are computational fluid dynamics (CFD); numerical heat and mass transfer; turbulence modelling using Reynolds averaging and large eddy simulation; combustion, radiation heat transfer, soot formation and oxidation, and solid pyrolysis in fire engineering; fundamental studies in multiphase flows: free surface, gas-particle, liquid-solid (blood flow and nanoparticles), and gas-liquid (bubbly, slug/cap, churn-turbulent, and subcooled nucleate boiling flows); computational modelling of industrial systems of single-phase and multiphase flows.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor, Mechanical Engineering (CFD), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, University of New South Wales, Australia
JT
Jiyuan Tu
Jiyuan Tu has 33 years of academic and industry experience in this field. He has authored 9 books, is an editor on 6 journals, has over 300 journal articles published and is in service of expert committee members to the United Nations (UN) and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). In the last 10 years, he has won 6 awards for excellence in research and teaching. His areas of research and consulting expertise are: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and numerical heat transfer (NHT); computational and experimental modelling of multiphase flows; fluid-structure interaction; biomedical engineering: optimal design of drug delivery devices; prediction of aerosol deposition in human airways and nasal cavity; and simulation of blood flow in arteries.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Australia; and Distinguished Professor, Tsinghua University, China
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