Volume 8: International Conference on Isotopes and Environmental Studies, 1st Edition

Key Features

* Presents selected papers from the International Conference on Isotopes in Environmental Studies - AQUATIC FORUM 2004
* Addresses state-of-the-art isotopic methods for better understanding of key processes in the aquatic environment
* Aims to make the use of isotopes more widespread in the environmental disciplines and to further stimulate work in this exciting field

Description

The contents of the book are assembled from selected papers presented during the International Conference on Isotopes in Environmental Studies – AQUATIC FORUM 2004 convened in Monaco from 25 to 29 October 2004, which was the most important gathering of the year of isotope environmental scientists. The book reviews the present state of the art isotopic methods for better understanding of key processes in the aquatic environment, responsible for its future development and its protection.

The main highlights include the latest developments in the study of the behaviour, transport and distribution of isotopes in the aquatic environment, recent climate change records using isotopic tracers in the environment, global isotopic oceanic studies, new trends in radioecological investigations and modelling, impact of groundwater-seawater interactions on coastal zones, groundwater dynamics and modelling, important for management of freshwater resources, development of new isotopic techniques, such as AMS, RIMS and ICPMS, and their applications in environmental studies, new trends in radiometrics underground techniques, new in situ radiometrics technologies and many other exciting topics which were presented and discussed during the Conference.

The proceedings constitute an important contribution to the environmental isotopic research. In publishing this book the aim is to make the use of isotopes more widespread in the environmental disciplines and to further stimulate work in this exciting field.

Readership

environment scientists

International Conference on Isotopes and Environmental Studies, 1st Edition

Preface (P.P. Povinec, J.A. Sanchez-Cabeza).
Environmental Isotope Tracers.
Application of accelerator mass spectrometry to environmental and paleoclimate studies at the University of Arizona (A.J. Timothy Jull et al.).
Discriminating biogenic and anthropogenic chlorinated organic compounds using multi-isotope analyses of individual compound (K. Aranami, S.J. Rowland, J.W. Readman).
Shift in stable water isotopes in precipitation in the Andean Amazon: Implications of deforestation or greenhouse impacts? (A. Henderson-Sellers, K. McGuffie).
Oceanic Radionuclide Tracers.
Southern Hemisphere Ocean Tracer Study (SHOTS): An overview and preliminary results (M. Aoyama et al.).
Plutonium isotopes in seawater of the North Pacific: effects of close-in fallout (K. Hirose et al.).
Distribution of anthropogenic radionuclides in the water column offshore Rokkasho, Japan (S. Shima et al.).
Artificial radionuclides in the Yellow Sea: Inputs and redistribution (G.H. Hong et al.).
Radionuclides in the European Seas.
Distribution of anthropogenic radionuclides in the water column of the south-western Mediterranean Sea (S.-H. Lee et al.).
Distribution of anthropogenic radionuclides in Moroccan coastal waters and sediments (M. Benmansour et al.).
¹³⁷Cs in seawater and sediment along the Algerian coast (A. Noureddine et al.).
Physical and chemical characteristics of ¹³⁷Cs in the Baltic Sea (G. Lujanien et al.).
Radioecological Studies.
Comparison of the MARINA II dispersion model with CSERAM for estimating concentrations of radionuclides in UK waters (K. Sihra, A. Bexon, J. Aldridge).
Assessment of the discharge of NORM to the North Sea from produced water by the Norwegian oil and gas industry (T. Gäfvert, I. Faerevik, A.L. Rudjord).
Uranium mining and ore processing in Ukraine - radioecological effects on to the Dnieper River water ecosystem and human health (O. Voitsekhovitch, Y. Soroka, T. Lavrova).
⁹⁰Sr, ¹³⁷Cs, ²³⁸Pu, ^239/240Pu and ²⁴¹Am distributions in an alpine wetland, Boréon (France) (M. Schertz et al.).
Concentrations and characteristics of uranium isotopes in drinking waters collected in Italy and Balkan regions and their radiological impact to the public (G. Jia et al.).
The radiological evaluation of uranium, radium and radon in metallic and thermo-metallic springs in Ikaria Island, the eastern Aegean Sea, Greece (H. Florou et al.).
Isotope Biomonitors.
Bioaccumulation of radiocaesium in Arctic Seals from Northeast Greenland (J.L. Carroll, K. Rissanen, T. Haug).
Anthropogenic radionuclides in biota samples from the Caspian Sea (J. Gastaud et al.).
²¹⁰Po in fish, algae, mussel and beach sediment samples collected along the Turkish coast of the Black Sea (N. Güngör et al.).
Polonium-210 in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and sediments along the Turkish coast of the Aegean Sea by (A. Ugur et al.).
Stable nitrogen isotopes reveal weak dependence of trophic position of planktivorous fishes from individual size: a consequence of omnivorism and mobility (A. Bode, P. Carrera, C. Porteiro).
Isotope Hydrology.
Radiocarbon loss from DIC in vadose water flow above the Judea Aquifer, Israel (I. Carmi et al.).
Stable water isotopes as tools for basin-scale water cycle: Diagnosis of the Murray-Darling (A. Henderson-Sellers et al.).
Isotopic characteristics of the Sava river basin in Slovenia (N. Ogrinc, T. Kanduc, J. Vaupotic).
²²²Rn as a tracer of infiltration of surface waters into aquifers (M. Schubert et al.).
Monitoring of geochemical and geophysical parameters in the Gran Sasso Aquifer(W. Plastino).
Groundwater-Seawater Interactions.
Coastal water exchange rate studies at the southeastern Brazilian margin, using Ra isotopes as tracers (J. de Oliveira et al.).
Submarine Groundwater Discharge in the southeastern Mediterranean (Israel) (Y. Weinstein et al.).
Submarine groundwater discharge investigations in Sicilian and Brazilian coastal waters using an underwater gamma-ray spectrometer (P.P. Povinec et al.).
Isotope hydrochemical investigation of saline intrusion in coastal aquifer of Karachi, Pakistan (A. Mashiatullah et al.).
Coastal Radionuclide Studies.
Temporal variations and behaviour of ⁹⁰Sr and ¹³⁷Cs in precipitation, river water and seawater in Japan (Y. Ikeuchi).
Isotope fractionations and radiocarbon ages of beach rock samples collected from the Nansei Islands, southwest of Japan (K. Omoto).
A model of recent sedimentation in the Cananeia-Iguape estuary, Brazil (R.T. Saito et al.).
Modelling of Environmental Processes.
Simulation of the advection-diffusion-scavenging processes for ¹³⁷Cs and ^239,240Pu in the Japan Sea (M. Nakano).
A biokinetic model for the uptake and depuration of radioiodine by the edible periwinkle Littorina littorea (J. Vives i Batlle et al.).
Environmental modelling: modified approach for compartmental models (M. Iosjpe).
Assessment of ¹³⁷Cs outspread in the Lithuanian part of the Baltic Sea (L. Davuliene et al.).
Radiometrics Techniques.
Low-level germanium gamma-ray spectrometry at the &mgr;Bq/kg level and future developments towards higher sensitivity (G. Heusser, M. Laubenstein, H. Neder).
Depth profiles of environmental neutron fluxes in water and lead (Y. Hamajima, K. Komura).
Radiocarbon measurement by liquid scintillation spectrometry at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory (W. Plastino, L. Kaihola).
Monte Carlo simulation of background characteristics of HPGe detectors placed inside anticompton shields (P. Vojtyla, P.P. Povinec).
IAEA-MEL's underground counting laboratory - the design and main characteristics (P.P. Povinec et al.).
Levels of airborne radionuclides at Hegura Island, Japan (K. Komura et al.).
The use of sodium iodide detectors to locate buried radioactive particles in the seabed off Dounreay nuclear facility, Scotland (J. Toole et al.).
Mass Spectrometry Techniques.
Isotope selective ultratrace analysis of plutonium by resonance ionisation mass spectrometry (S. Bürger et al.).
Two 60-year records of ¹²⁹I from coral skeletons in the South Pacific Ocean (D.L. Biddulph et al.).
Factors influencing the determination of ultra low levels of Pu-isotopes by sector field ICP-MS (P. Roos).
Management of Data Quality.
Recent IAEA reference materials and intercomparison exercises for radionuclides in the marine environment (M.K Pham et al.).
Towards quality excellence in radioanalytical laboratories at STUK, Finland (T.K. Ikäheimonen, S. Klemola, P. Vesterbacka).