Aircraft Structures for Engineering Students

Part A: Fundamentals of Structural Analysis

Section A1: Elasticity

• Chapter 1: Basic elasticity
  • Abstract
  • 1.1 Stress
  • 1.2 Notation for forces and stresses
  • 1.3 Equations of equilibrium
  • 1.4 Plane stress
  • 1.5 Boundary conditions
  • 1.6 Determination of stresses on inclined planes
  • 1.7 Principal stresses
  • 1.8 Mohr's circle of stress
  • 1.9 Strain
  • 1.10 Compatibility equations
  • 1.11 Plane strain
  • 1.12 Determination of strains on inclined planes
  • 1.13 Principal strains
  • 1.14 Mohr's circle of strain
  • 1.15 Stress–strain relationships
  • 1.16 Experimental measurement of surface strains
• Chapter 2: Two-dimensional problems in elasticity
  • Abstract
  • 2.1 Two-dimensional problems
  • 2.2 Stress functions
  • 2.3 Inverse and semi-inverse methods
  • 2.4 St. Venant's principle
  • 2.5 Displacements
  • 2.6 Bending of an end-loaded cantilever
• Chapter 3: Torsion of solid sections
  • Abstract
  • 3.1 Prandtl stress function solution
  • 3.2 St. Venant warping function solution
  • 3.3 The membrane analogy
  • 3.4 Torsion of a narrow rectangular strip

Section A2: Virtual work, energy, and matrix methods

• Chapter 4: Virtual work and energy methods
  • Abstract
  • 4.1 Work
  • 4.2 Principle of virtual work
  • 4.3 Applications of the principle of virtual work
• Chapter 5: Energy methods
  • Abstract
  • 5.1 Strain energy and complementary energy
  • 5.2 Principle of the stationary value of the total complementary energy
  • 5.3 Application to deflection problems
  • 5.4 Application to the solution of statically indeterminate systems
  • 5.5 Unit load method
  • 5.6 Flexibility method
  • 5.7 Total potential energy
  • 5.8 Principle of the stationary value of the total potential energy
  • 5.9 Principle of superposition
  • 5.10 Reciprocal theorem
  • 5.11 Temperature effects
• Chapter 6: Matrix methods
  • Abstract
  • 6.1 Notation
  • 6.2 Stiffness matrix for an elastic spring
  • 6.3 Stiffness matrix for two elastic springs in line
  • 6.4 Matrix analysis of pin-jointed frameworks
  • 6.5 Application to statically indeterminate frameworks
  • 6.6 Matrix analysis of space frames
  • 6.7 Stiffness matrix for a uniform beam
  • 6.8 Finite element method for continuum structures

Section A3: Thin plate theory

• Chapter 7: Bending of thin plates
  • Abstract
  • 7.1 Pure bending of thin plates
  • 7.2 Plates subjected to bending and twisting
  • 7.3 Plates subjected to a distributed transverse load
  • 7.4 Combined bending and in-plane loading of a thin rectangular plate
  • 7.5 Bending of thin plates having a small initial curvature
  • 7.6 Energy method for the bending of thin plates

Section A4: Structural instability

• Chapter 8: Columns
  • Abstract
  • 8.1 Euler buckling of columns
  • 8.2 Inelastic buckling
  • 8.3 Effect of initial imperfections
  • 8.4 Stability of beams under transverse and axial loads
  • 8.5 Energy method for the calculation of buckling loads in columns
  • 8.6 Flexural–torsional buckling of thin-walled columns
• Chapter 9: Thin plates
  • Abstract
  • 9.1 Buckling of thin plates
  • 9.2 Inelastic buckling of plates
  • 9.3 Experimental determination of the critical load for a flat plate
  • 9.4 Local instability
  • 9.5 Instability of stiffened panels
  • 9.6 Failure stress in plates and stiffened panels
  • 9.7 Tension field beams

Section A5: Vibration of structures

• Chapter 10: Structural vibration
  • Abstract
  • 10.1 Oscillation of mass–spring systems
  • 10.2 Oscillation of beams
  • 10.3 Approximate methods for determining natural frequencies

Part B: Analysis of Aircraft Structures

Section B1: Principles of stressed skin construction

• Chapter 11: Materials
  • Abstract
  • 11.1 Aluminum alloys
  • 11.2 Steel
  • 11.3 Titanium
  • 11.4 Plastics
  • 11.5 Glass
  • 11.6 Composite materials
  • 11.7 Properties of materials
• Chapter 12: Structural components of aircraft
  • Abstract
  • 12.1 Loads on structural components
  • 12.2 Function of structural components
  • 12.3 Fabrication of structural components
  • 12.4 Connections

Section B2: Airworthiness and airframe loads

• Chapter 13: Airworthiness
  • Abstract
  • 13.1 Factors of safety-flight envelope
  • 13.2 Load factor determination
• Chapter 14: Airframe loads
  • Abstract
  • 14.1 Aircraft inertia loads
  • 14.2 Symmetric maneuver loads
  • 14.3 Normal accelerations associated with various types of maneuver
  • 14.4 Gust loads
• Chapter 15: Fatigue
  • Abstract
  • 15.1 Safe life and fail-safe structures
  • 15.2 Designing against fatigue
  • 15.3 Fatigue strength of components
  • 15.4 Prediction of aircraft fatigue life
  • 15.5 Crack propagation

Section B3: Bending, shear and torsion of thin-walled beams

• Chapter 16: Bending of open and closed, thin-walled beams
  • Abstract
  • 16.1 Symmetrical bending
  • 16.2 Unsymmetrical bending
  • 16.3 Deflections due to bending
  • 16.4 Calculation of section properties
  • 16.5 Applicability of bending theory
  • 16.6 Temperature effects
• Chapter 17: Shear of beams
  • Abstract
  • 17.1 General stress, strain, and displacement relationships for open and single-cell closed section thin-walled beams
  • 17.2 Shear of open section beams
  • 17.3 Shear of closed section beams
• Chapter 18: Torsion of beams
  • Abstract
  • 18.1 Torsion of closed section beams
  • 18.2 Torsion of open section beams
• Chapter 19: Combined open and closed section beams
  • Abstract
  • 19.1 Bending
  • 19.2 Shear
  • 19.3 Torsion
• Chapter 20: Structural idealization
  • Abstract
  • 20.1 Principle
  • 20.2 Idealization of a panel
  • 20.3 Effect of idealization on the analysis of open and closed section beams
  • 20.4 Deflection of open and closed section beams

Section B4: Stress analysis of aircraft components

• Chapter 21: Wing spars and box beams
  • Abstract
  • 21.1 Tapered wing spar
  • 21.2 Open and closed section beams
  • 21.3 Beams having variable stringer areas
• Chapter 22: Fuselages
  • Abstract
  • 22.1 Bending
  • 22.2 Shear
  • 22.3 Torsion
  • 22.4 Cut-outs in fuselages
• Chapter 23: Wings
  • Abstract
  • 23.1 Three-boom shell
  • 23.2 Bending
  • 23.3 Torsion
  • 23.4 Shear
  • 23.5 Shear center
  • 23.6 Tapered wings
  • 23.7 Deflections
  • 23.8 Cut-outs in wings
• Chapter 24: Fuselage frames and wing ribs
  • Abstract
  • 24.1 Principles of stiffener/web construction
  • 24.2 Fuselage frames
  • 24.3 Wing ribs
• Chapter 25: Laminated composite structures
  • Abstract
  • 25.1 Elastic constants of a simple lamina
  • 25.2 Stress–strain relationships for an orthotropic ply (macro approach)
  • 25.3 Laminates
  • 25.4 Thin-walled composite beams

Section B5: Structural and loading discontinuities

• Chapter 26: Closed section beams
  • Abstract
  • 26.1 General aspects
  • 26.2 Shear stress distribution at a built-in end of a closed section beam
  • 26.3 Thin-walled rectangular section beam subjected to torsion
  • 26.4 Shear lag
• Chapter 27: Open section beams
  • Abstract
  • 27.1 I-Section beam subjected to torsion
  • 27.2 Torsion of an arbitrary section beam
  • 27.3 Distributed torque loading
  • 27.4 Extension of the theory to allow for general systems of loading
  • 27.5 Moment couple (bimoment)

Section B6: Introduction to aeroelasticity

• Chapter 28: Wing problems
  • Abstract
  • 28.1 Types of problem
  • 28.2 Load distribution and divergence
  • 28.3 Control effectiveness and reversal
  • 28.4 Introduction to “flutter”

Appendix: Design of a rear fuselage

• A.1 Specification
• A.2 Data
• A.3 Initial calculations
• A.4 Balancing out calculations
• A.5 Fuselage loads
• A.6 Fuselage design calculations

Index