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Marine Mammals
Evolutionary Biology
2nd Edition - December 1, 2005
Authors: Annalisa Berta, James L. Sumich, Kit M. Kovacs
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:9780120885527
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 0 8 8 5 5 2 - 7
eBook ISBN:9780080489346
9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 4 8 9 3 4 - 6
Berta and Sumich have succeeded yet again in creating superior marine reading! This book is a succinct yet comprehensive text devoted to the systematics, evolution, morphology,…Read more
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Berta and Sumich have succeeded yet again in creating superior marine reading! This book is a succinct yet comprehensive text devoted to the systematics, evolution, morphology, ecology, physiology, and behavior of marine mammals. The first edition, considered the leading text in the field, is required reading for all marine biologists concerned with marine mammals. Revisions include updates of citations, expansion of nearly every chapter and full color photographs. This title continues the tradition by fully expanding and updating nearly all chapters.
Comprehensive, up-to-date coverage of the biology of all marine mammals
Provides a phylogenetic framework that integrates phylogeny with behavior and ecology
Features chapter summaries, further readings, an appendix, glossary and an extensive bibliography
Exciting new color photographs and additional distribution maps
Preface Acknowledgments
1. Introduction 1.1. Marine Mammals-""What Are They?"" 1.2. Adaptations for Aquatic Life 1.3. Scope and Use of This Book 1.4. Time Scale 1.5. Early Observations of Marine Mammals 1.6. Emergence of Marine Mammal Science 1.7. Further Reading and Resources References
PART I: EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY
2. Systematics and Classification 2.1. Introduction: Systematics-What Is It and Why Do It? 2.2. Some Basic Terminology and Concepts 2.3. How Do You Do Cladistics? 2.4. Testing Phylogenetic Hypotheses 2.5. Going Beyond the Phylogenetic Framework 2.6. Taxonomy and Classification 2.7. Summary and Conclusions 2.8. Further Reading References
3. Pinniped Evolution and Systematics 3.1. Introduction 3.2 Origin and Evolution 3.3. Summary and Conclusions 3.4. Further Reading References
4. Cetacean Evolution and Systematics 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Origin and Evolution 4.3. Summary and Conclusions 4.4. Further Reading References
5. Sirenians and Other Marine Mammals: Evolution and Systematics 5.1. Introduction 5.2. Origin and Evolution of Sirenians 5.3. The Extinct Sirenian Relatives-Desmostylia 5.4. The Extinct Marine Bear-Like Carnivoran, Kolponomos 5.5. The Extinct Aquatic Sloth, Thalassocnus natans 5.6. The Sea Otter, Enhydra lutris 5.7. The Polar Bear, Ursus maritimus 5.8. Summary and Conclusions 5.9. Further Reading References
6. Evolutionary Biogeography 6.1. Introduction-What Is Biogeography and Why Is It Important? 6.2. Ecological Factors Affecting Distributions of Marine Mammals 6.3. Present Patterns of Distribution 6.4. Reconstructing Biogeographic Patterns 6.5. Past Patterns of Distribution 6.6. Summary and Conclusions 6.7. Further Reading References
PART II: EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY, ECOLOGY, AND BEHAVIOR
7. Integumentary and Sensory Systems 7.1. Introduction 7.2. Integumentary System 7.3. Nerves and Sense Organs 7.4. Summary and Conclusions 7.5. Further Reading References
8. Musculoskeletal System and Locomotion 8.1. Introduction 8.2. Pinnipeds 8.3. Cetaceans 8.4. Sirenians 8.5. Sea Otter 8.6. Polar Bear 8.7. Summary and Conclusions 8.8. Further Reading References
9. Energetics 9.1. Introduction 9.2. Metabolic Rates 9.3. Thermoregulation 9.4. Energetics of Locomotion 9.5. Osmoregulation 9.6. Summary and Conclusions 9.7. Further Reading References
10. Respiration and Diving Physiology 10.1. Introduction 10.2. Problems of Deep and Prolonged Dives for Breath-Holders 10.3. Pulmonary and Circulatory Adaptations to Diving 10.4. Diving Response 10.5. Diving Behavior and Phylogenetic Patterns 10.6 Summary and Conclusions 10.7. Further Reading References
11. Sound Production for Communication, Echolocation, and Prey Capture 11.1. Introduction 11.2. Sound Propagation in Air and Water 11.3. Anatomy and Physiology of Sound Production and Reception 11.4. Functions of Intentionally Produced Sounds 11.5. ATOC and Low Frequency Military Sonars 11.6. Summary and Conclusions 11.7. Further Reading References
12. Diet, Foraging Structures, and Strategies 12.1. Introduction 12.2. Seasonal and Geographical Patterns of Prey Abundance 12.3. Adaptations for Foraging in Pinnipeds 12.4. Feeding Specializations of Cetaceans 12.5. Feeding Specializations of Sirenians 12.6. Feeding Specializations of Other Marine Mammals 12.7. Summary and Conclusions 12.8. Further Reading References
13. Reproductive Structures, Strategies, and Patterns 13.1. Introduction 13.2. Anatomy and Physiology of the Reproductive System 13.3. Mating Systems 13.4. Lactation Strategies 13.5. Reproductive Patterns 13.6. Summary and Conclusions 13.7. Further Reading References
14. Population Structure and Population Dynamics 14.1. Introduction 14.2. Abundance and Its Determination in Marine Mammals 14.3. Techniques for Monitoring Populations 14.4. Population Structure and Dynamics
14.6. Further Reading References
15. Exploitation and Conservation 15.1. Introduction 15.2. Commercial Exploitation of Marine Mammals 15.3. Legal Framework for Marine Mammal Conservation and Protection 15.4. Incidental Taking of Marine Mammals 15.5. Environmental Contaminants 15.6. Single Beachings vs Mass Strandings 15.7. Ecotourism 15.8. Progress and the Future 15.9. Summary and Conclusions 15.10. Further Reading References
Appendix: Classification of Marine Mammals
Glossary
Index
No. of pages: 560
Language: English
Edition: 2
Published: December 1, 2005
Imprint: Academic Press
Hardback ISBN: 9780120885527
eBook ISBN: 9780080489346
AB
Annalisa Berta
Annalisa Berta is Professor of Biology in the Department of Biology at San Diego State University, San Diego, California and a Research Associate at the San Diego Natural History Museum in San Diego, California and the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D.C. She is an evolutionary biologist who for the last 30 years has been studying the anatomy, evolution and systematics of fossil and living marine mammals, especially pinnipeds and whales. She is a past President of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology and former Senior Editor of the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology and Associate Editor of Marine Mammal Science. She has written 100 scientific papers and several books for the specialist as well as non-scientist including Return to the Sea: The Life and Evolutionary Times of Marine Mammals, 2012, (University of California Press) and the forthcoming book (summer, 2015) Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises: a natural history and species guide (University of Chicago Press).
Affiliations and expertise
San Diego State University, California, U.S.A.
JS
James L. Sumich
James Sumich is Professor Emeritus of Biology at Grossmont College and is the author of a popular book on gray whales. He has conducted research on gray whales from British Columbia to Baja California for four decades and has taught marine mammal course for nearly that long. His research has focused on the ecological physiology of baleen whales, especially the energetics of their seasonal fasting migrations.
Affiliations and expertise
Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
KK
Kit M. Kovacs
Kit M. Kovacs is the Biodiversity Research Program Leader for the Norwegian Polar Institute in Tromsø Norway and a Professor of Biology at University Studies on Svalbard (UNIS). She has worked with marine mammals in Polar Regions for the past 30 years, focusing primarily on studies in the fields of behavioral ecology and population biology. The impact of climate change on ice-associated species has been a topic of principal concern in recent years in her research projects. She is author/co-author of more than 200 primary publications and the author/editor of ten books and numerous popular articles.
Affiliations and expertise
Biodiversity Research Section Leader, Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø, Norway, Professor of Biology, The University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS), Svalbard, Norway